層級分析法分析護理人員抗壓能力決定性因素－以南部某區域醫院為例

Using Analytic Hierarchy Process in Analyzing the Determinants of Stress-Coping Capability of Nurses: Case of a Regional Hospital in Southern Taiwan

黃志強(Jhih-Jiang Huang) ； 潘豐泉(Feng-Chuan Pan) ； 鍾慧嬡(Huei-Ai Jhong) ； 戴榕璇(Rong-Syuan Dai)

《安泰醫護雜誌》 14卷4期 (2008/12) Pp. 248-262

https://doi.org/10.7078/TSMHMNJN.200812.0248

摘要

第一線的護理人員須面對來自不同的壓力來源，透過對壓力的知覺及本身適應能力，決定抗壓能力成功與否。有別於過去之以傳統的統計分析方法，本研究試圖應用比較可精確分辨細微差異之層級分析法以分析護理人員抗壓能力的決定性因素。樣本取自96年9月至97年4月之間，南部某區域醫院之護理人員。運用第一階段問卷調查結果經因素分析法萃取構面及項目，建構第二階段專家問卷，其問卷內容包括個人因素、機構支持、家庭因素及組織環境4個構面，合計19個項目，專家問卷回收有效樣本為10份。結果顯示，護理人員抗壓能力因素之層面權重以家庭因素(0.36)為最高、個人因素(0.28)、組織環境(0.26)及機構支持(0.11)。護理人員選擇抗壓能力項目的重要性排序以子女教養狀況正常(0.13)為優先，其次是明確之個人生涯規劃(0.10)、家人健康良好(0.09)及員工福利(0.08)，決定為護理人員抗壓能力重要因素，建議醫院管理者(1)提供員工薪資及員工福利之外多元化照顧。(2)鼓勵護理人員分享家庭或是工作經驗並作為上下溝通之管道。(3)針對護理人員個人需求、未來發展之意向給予培訓計畫。期望能提供醫院管理者對於護理人員協助了解、學習有效解決壓力，使護理人員能專心投入在工作職場上，扮演好專業角色，促進護理品質的提升。

關鍵字

層級分析法 ； 護理人員 ； 壓力調適 ； 決定性因素

並列摘要

The frontline nursing staff encounters multiple pressures from different sources in the daily mission. Success in identifying stresses and accordingly coping with such stresses is important for job performance. Other than previous studies that applied conventional statistical analyses, this study aims to adopt a modified Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify determinants of successful stress coping behavior among nursing staff in a more precise way. Using the expert questionnaire, this research collects data from nurses of a regional hospital in southern Taiwan. The questionnaire contains 19 items, of which are drawn from literature review and expert suggestions. Four factors are then categorized as individual factor, organizational support, family factor, and organizational environment. Study result shows that the family factor (0.36) is the highest, followed by individual factor (0.28), organizational environment (0.26), and organizational support (0.11). Priority of criteria that nurses chosen to cope with stress in descending orders are children's education (0.13), individual career plan (0.10), family health and stability (0.09), and fringe benefit of organization (0.08). The study suggests the hospital administration providing more comprehensive support package other than salary and fringe benefit, encouraging effective sharing and communicating with colleagues, and providing customized training in response to individual demand. Effectively support nurses in coping with their stresses by create attractive job environment, in which nursing employees could devote themselves to obtain high performance in a professional manner.

並列關鍵字

Analytic Hierarchy Process ； Nurse ； Coping Measure ； Determinant Factors