紫背脈葉蘭種子發育與發芽之研究

Studies on Seed Development and Germination of Nervilia plicata(Andr.) Schlter

林珈芝(Chia-Chih Lin) ； 葉茂生(Mau-Shing Yeh)

《作物、環境與生物資訊》 5卷3期 (2008/09) Pp. 159-170

https://doi.org/10.30061/CEB.200809.0002

摘要

紫背脈葉蘭為臺灣地區珍貴的藥材，藥效與金線連相似，但因民間濫採且未加復育，已日漸稀少。本研究調查其蒴果生長與種子發育的情形，進而利用未熟種子進行無菌播種，以探討其發芽的最適條件，獲得以下結果。紫背脈葉蘭花朵於授粉後1天子房即迅速增長且膨大發育成蒴果，約10~14天，蒴果長度及寬度生長趨緩，大致呈拋物曲線生長，授粉後第14天蒴果13.84 mm×7.43 mm，切開蒴果，其內部部分種子飛散，與胎座組織分離，以醋酸洋紅染色後種子呈長橢圓形，胚呈橢圓形，細胞分裂旺盛，其他細胞已無法染色，停止分裂，細胞核消失。授粉後第16天，蒴果13.96 mm×7.74mm，幾乎不再生長，切開時內部種子飛散，除胚外，其他部位已無法染色，但16天之蒴果開始裂開。以12~18天不同成熟度的種子播種於1/2 MS培養基，結果14天者發芽率12.5%，16天者17%最高。以15天之種子播種在1/2 MS添加0、0.5、1、2 g L^(-1) peptone，及30 g L^(-1)蔗糖，10 g L^(-1) agar之培養基，培養3個月後，結果以含0.5 g L^(-1)peptone者之發芽率最高，達52.8%，次為含1 g L^(-1) peptone (50.0%)。將幼苗繼代培養在原培養基3 個月後結果添加0.5 g L^(-1) peptone者幼苗之生長最佳，平均每個幼苗能產生2.67個球莖，球莖平均直徑長7.9mm最大。

關鍵字

紫背脈葉蘭一點癀 ； 種子發育 ； 無菌播種 ； 發芽

並列摘要

Nervilia plicata (Andr.) Schlter is an important medicinal herb in Taiwan. The medical efficacy of this species is similar to Anoectochilus formosanus. Due to the over harvest, its population in nature has decreased rapidly. In this study, the growth of capsules, development of seed, and germination of seed were investigated so as to establish the aseptic seeding system for propagation. The results were summarized as follows. The growth of capsules in the initial phase was faster than the late phase, fitted to a parabolic curve. By using capsules of different maturing stages, results showed that the 15-16 days old capsules had the better germination. The medium supplemented with 0.5 g L^(-1) peptone had the best germination (52.8%). Seedings subcultured with the medium of the 0.5 g L^(-1) peptone had the best growth.

並列關鍵字

Nervilia plicata ； Seed development ； Aseptic seeding ； Germination