從心理空間理論來分析華語的臨時量詞

An Analysis of Chinese Temporary Measure Words from the Perspective of Mental Space Theory

林建宏(Chien-Hung Lin) ； 張榮興(Jung-Hsing Chang)

《華語文教學研究》 10卷4期 (2013/12) Pp. 81-108

摘要

華語的「臨時量詞」（如：一「葉」舟或一「瓣」玫瑰）在文獻中常稱之為分類詞或量詞。本文根據臨時量詞和名詞之間的語意關係，將臨時量詞分為六種，從心理空間理論（Fauconnier 1994, 1997; Fauconnier & Tumer 2002）來探討臨時量詞和所修飾的名詞之間的語意融合現象。我們研究發現華語的臨時量詞在事物的概念和描述的角度上扮演著重要的角色，對篇章也能起連貫的功能，將上下文相關的詞彙串連起來。這兩個發現都是過去的研究還沒有注意到的。

關鍵字

臨時量詞 ； 分類詞 ； 心理空間理論 ； 語意

並列摘要

The Chinese temporary measure words such as ye 'leaf' as in yi ye zhou (一葉舟) 'a leaf of boat' or ban 'petal' as in yi ban meigui (一瓣玫瑰) 'a petal of rose' are sometimes called classifiers or measure words in the literature of Chinese linguistics. This paper discusses six types of temporary measure words in Chinese according to the relations between the temporary measure words and the nouns they modify, and aims to explain the meaning interaction of temporary measure words with the nouns they modify, within the framework of Mental Space Theory (Fauconnier 1994, 1997; Fauconnier & Turner 2002). The result of this research has shown that Chinese temporary measure words play an important role in providing alternative ways of conceptualizing and describing a scene, and that the blended meanings of the temporary measure words with the nouns also play an important role in the coherence of discourse, showing a high degree of connectedness with other lexical items in contexts. These two findings have been rarely noticed in the previous research of Chinese temporary measure words.

並列關鍵字

temporary measure words ； classifiers ； mental space theory ； semantics

參考文獻

張榮興(2012)。從心理空間理論解讀古代「多重來源單一目標投射」篇章中的隱喻。華語文教學研究。9(1)，1-22。

張榮興(2008)。篇章中的攝取角度。華語文教學研究。5(2)，47-67。

Zhang, Niina Ning(2011).The constituency of classifier constructions in Mandarin Chinese.Taiwan Journal of Linguistics.9(1),1-50.

Coulson, Seana(2001).Semantic Leaps: Frame Shifting and Conceptual Blending in Meaning Construction.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

Fauconnier, Gilles(1994).Mental Spaces: Aspects of Meaning Construction in Natural Language.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.