方苞論《詩》的文學闡釋

《詩經》的文學研究／闡釋，能見其本來面貌及其獨立地位，是個有價值的研究方向，值得後代學者重視並承繼。《詩經》清學在以樸學爲主流的情況下，另有一那分文學的研究／闡釋在滋長，如清代方苞《朱子詩義補正》即能從文學的角度闡釋《詩經》，其較少做理論性的論述，故直接從其對作品的闡釋加以歸納分析，可獲致六點特色：一、義法嚴謹，文義須相貫相類，二、注重修辭的分析闡釋，三、著重闡發情感的要素，四、玩味辭意，以想像進行再創造，五、以文學的角度看待男女情詩與分別風雅頌，六、由風物以興情。各項並參酌其文論分別加以闡述。

關鍵字

清代；方包；詩經；詩經學；文學；文學研究；文學闡釋

並列摘要

A literary research/interpretation of ”the Book of Odes” has been finding completely its aspect of circumstances and independence position, considers importance of a valuable outlook, is worthwhile re-searching and succession to afterward scholars. The Book of Odes in Ching Dynasty called Pu School, Pu means a simple and plain-minded method without complex thought, in addition, some literary research/interpretation has been growing, for example: Fang Pao's ”Meaning, Supplement and Correction of Chu His's interpretation ”the Book of Odes” got an literary point of view to interpret and less theoretical discussion. Fang Pao directly interpreted from the ”Book of Odes” to judge, conclude, analyze, and summarize to the followings six characters: 1 To draw principle strictly and literary meaning understand; thoroughly and completely; 2 To concentrate on the rhetorical contains induct and sum up; 3 Understand human feelings is an essence element; 4 To realize words meaning to create a world again; 5 From the literary viewpoint between man and woman romantic poetry to distinguish three genres of ”the Book of Odes”, Fong (means poetry from different countries), Ya (classic institutions in ancient China), Song (Poem full of noble feeling expressed with dignity); 6 To think of things and cultivate life feels. Each item refers to its genre to make good judgment interpretation.