原住民青少年之生死觀－以阿美族、泰雅族為例

Cognition and Attitude towards Life and Death for Juveniles of Amis and Atayal Tribes

唐婉如(W. R. Tang)

《安寧療護雜誌》 13卷2期 (2008/05) Pp. 156-167

https://doi.org/10.6537/TJHPC.2008.13(2).2

摘要

不同的年齡層與文化之差異可能會影響個人對於生死的認知及態度，尤其針對原住民青少年，探討其生死觀之研究極度缺乏。本研究以阿美與泰雅兩大族群爲例，探討原住民青少年對於生死的看法，採質性研究法，研究對象爲北部三所技職學校共73 名原住民學生，以焦點團體方式將研究對象分爲8組，每組5-10人，進行焦點團體深入訪談，平均每組焦點團體時間約60-90分鐘，直至資料呈現飽和才停止收案，研究過程中資料收集與分析同步進行，筆者將焦點團體訪談錄音內容逐字轉譯成文字稿後，再以內容分析法進行資料編碼及分析。研究結果歸納出六個主要概念：（一）文化的融合~趨向漢化；（二）思及死亡的氛圍＜面對死亡＞；（三）死亡的慈悲＜死亡的認知＞；（四）死亡的智慧＜死亡的評價＞；（五）宿命論；（六）落葉歸根。原住民學生因家中生計及求學需要，多數已遷移至都市而慢慢漢化；感受的死亡壓力普遍與經濟或家庭環境有關，也對未來充滿了不確定感；他們認爲死亡之後應葬回部落且以土葬的方式爲主；宗教信仰對原住民青少年的死亡觀仍有某種程度的影響力。研究結果可看出這群原住民青少年的死亡觀及其感受與經驗，可作爲未來生死教育的參考。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 原住民 ； 生死觀 ； 阿美族 ； 泰雅族

並列摘要

Age and cultural differences may have effect on the cognition and attitude towards life and death, especially for aboriginal juveniles; yet, studies concerning their perspective of life and death are extremely scarce. The investigator conducted qualitative research on two aboriginal tribes, Amis and Atayal, to investigate the perspective of aboriginal juveniles towards life and death. Qualitative methodology was adopted to survey 73 aboriginal students of three schools in northern Taiwan. Content analysis was used for data coding and analysis. Six major concepts were evolved from findings of this study as follows: (1) fusion of culture ~ tends to accept Han culture; (2) thinking of atmosphere of death (confronting death); (3) grace of death (cognition of death); (4) wisdom of death (evaluation of death); (5) theory of destiny; (6) returning to the root (homeland). Due to economic condition in the family and schooling needs, most aboriginal students have moved to cities and tend to accept Han culture. Religious belief still has considerable effect on aboriginal juveniles' perspective towards life and death. Research findings of this study on aboriginal juveniles' perspective towards life and death can provide references for future education.

並列關鍵字

juvenile ； aborigine ； life and death ； Amis ； Atayal