先進國家安寧療護喪親關懷服務之探討

Current Status of Bereavement Services in Hospices in Developed Countries

蔡佩真(Pei-Jen Tsai)

《安寧療護雜誌》 15卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 47-62

https://doi.org/10.6537/TJHPC.2010.15(1).4

摘要

安寧療護的喪親關懷服務(bereavement care service)已經在世界各國普遍推行，但是以實證爲基礎追蹤方案(evidence-based programs)仍然是缺乏的(1)，許多國家尚未有安寧療護喪親關懷服務現況的相關調查與評估。近年來有一些國家陸續進行調查來了解該國執行狀況，例如美國、加拿大、英國、澳洲、日本、西班牙都已經有相關的研究調查資料出現，本文擬針對上述國家近年研究結果進行簡要之探討，以做爲國內安寧醫療團隊之參參考。世界各國的經驗已經陸續地累積，目前國內外尚未形成「最佳模式」的悲傷輔導典範，各國經驗仍在摸索與建構中，各國執行特色可供彼此觀摩，以建構屬於個別國家文化的喪親關懷。過去這些年我國的悲傷輔導有相當多的進步，但仍有許多有待努力與有待解決的限制，希望本文能夠引發更多學習與反思，促使台灣的喪親關懷行動更能適時安慰傷心人，實踐安寧療護的『善終』與『善別』。

關鍵字

喪親關懷 ； 安寧療護

並列摘要

The assumption of bereavement care is that death challenges the coping skill of the bereaved family members, and supportive intervention facilitates coping and reduces the complicated reaction of sadness. Bereavement care comes in different forms and depths, and while such programs in hospices have been widely adopted around the world, evidence-based programs are still lacking. Many countries have yet to have the investigation and evaluation about hospice bereavement care services related to the status. Countries such as the U.S., Canada, UK, Australia, Japan, and Spain have conducted relevant studies of implementation of such programs in recent years. Nevertheless, countries in the world have not reached the consensus of the ”best model” for bereavement care. The purpose of this study is to summarize and discuss the research in these countries and use the findings as important references for Taiwan's hospice medical teams in future development of bereavement services.

並列關鍵字

bereavement care ； hospice