Hospice palliative care aims at providing all-encompassing services for patients with terminal diseases suffering from physical, mental, social and spiritual symptoms and pain. Since clinical Buddhist chaplaincy training has been practiced for more than 10 years in Taiwan, there are two topics I would like to discuss below: (1) the comparison between spiritual care and mindfulness-based care: body, mind, and spirit as compared with body, feeling, mind, and Dharma; and (2) the relationship between the Fourfold Mindful Establishment and the triune brain model (i.e., the innermost reptilian brain, the old mammalian brain, and the neocortex).