人間佛教與宗教寬容原則

Humanistic Buddhism and the Principle of Religious Tolerance

鄧子美(Zi-Mei Deng)

《玄奘佛學研究》 20期 (2013/09) Pp. 139-154

摘要

本文是筆者提交「跨宗派的人間佛教視野」學術會議論文的一小部分修改而成，就太虛與宗教寬容原則相關的論述作了系統梳理的同時，以1949年後留在大陸的42位太虛思想繼承者資料中反映的事實，證明該原則在佛教界貫徹的可能性與必要性。相對於已引起重視的各宗教間的寬容與對話，這是前人很少涉足的論域。筆者認為，人間佛教思想也是理解宗教寬容原則的導引者。該原則的貫徹包含四方面：一、佛教各宗派之間的加強對話、溝通與相互促進，佛教稱之為和合，其實質則仍屬不同思想傾向與宗派之間的相互寬容。二、對改宗與還俗的寬容。三、贊同人間佛教理念的各寺院、社團間的相互寬容與支持。當然，還有各宗教間的寬容與對話。

關鍵字

人間佛教 ； 宗教寬容 ； 當代太虛思想繼承者

並列摘要

This paper is a further revision and elaboration of one small part of the paper the author presented at the conference on ”Inter-sectarian Perspectives of Humanist Buddhism”. While analyzing Master Taixu's discussion of the principle of religious tolerance, the author proves the possibility and necessity of this principle by examining facts demonstrated in the collected data of Taixu' 42 successors in Mainland China since 1949. Compared with the religious tolerance and dialogues which have drawn significant attention, this is a new area for further studies. The author argues that the Humanistic Buddhist Spirit shall also guide our understanding of the principle of religious tolerance. To be comprehensive, the principle should encompass four dimensions. Firstly, there need to be better dialogues, communications, and mutual improvement among all Buddhist sects and traditions. It is called concordance in Buddhism, and in practice, it shall be realized in mutual tolerance with diversities of ideas and differences among various sects. Secondly, there should be more tolerance with conversion from one sect to another, or even tolerance with de-robed monastic. Thirdly, there could be more mutual tolerance and support among all Buddhist temples and groups that agree with the ideas of Humanistic Buddhism. Finally, there could be more tolerance and dialogues among all religions.

並列關鍵字

Humanistic Buddhism ； religious tolerance ； the contemporary successors of Master Taixu' spirit

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