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再現與重塑地方感的老人回憶劇場展演-以香港、新加坡及台灣為例

Representing and Re-establishing Sense of Place through Reminiscence Theatre Performance in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan in the Era of Globalization

摘要


在東亞和東南亞的現代都會社會裏,由於後現代與後殖民的政經文化社會的影響,再加上全球化與商品化的趨勢,在地的文化地景和都市面貌愈趨失去自我的特色及獨特的地方感,也帶來居民強烈的失落感與困惑感。然而,老人回憶劇場的記憶展演卻奇妙而具體地再現了每個地區特殊的地方感,透過劇場中身體、聲音、歌舞、祭儀、社會習俗及個人或集體記憶敘事、地方語言和空間記憶的展演,重塑出空間、歷史與社會交織的三元性地方記憶,而地方記憶的重建也是重塑地方感的重要基礎與創造地方認同的根本來源。本文擬由香港、新加坡和台灣的老人回憶劇場創作展演的實例來演示與證明,這些展演對重塑與再現地方感所產生的正面效果與影響;同時,本文也將運用列斐伏爾的空間生產理論,以及索雅第三空間的文化地理學觀點,加上後殖民主義與後現代主義中對全球化與在地文化之間辯證關係的批判論述,來分析東亞與東南亞地區的老人回憶劇場如何以具體的劇場美學策略來創作展演,達成重塑與凝聚地方記憶與認同的目的。同時也辯證在這個全球化的世代裏,以劇場表達在地出發對在地生活用心探索與努力反省的政治關懷,以及在地不同社群透過劇場創作和演出彼此深度溝通交流的倫理實踐,也是老人回憶劇場在全球在地化的現象中具體的藝術與人文的關懷實踐。另一方面,本文也將聚焦探討老人回憶劇場所常用的劇場創作方法與美學表現特色,論述其在全球另類戲劇美學發展中的特殊貢獻,並分別分析香港、新加坡與台灣的老人回憶劇場展演在社會文化意義與劇場美學特色,以提供後進創作、研究者參考借鏡的實例,與進一步反省思考的多元方向。

並列摘要


In the specific interweaving postmodern and postcolonial cultural and social conditions in South Eastern and Eastern Asia, the particular sense of place has been gradually diverted and diluted into an identical global landscape which lacks local identity and character and brings bewilderment and sense of loss. How does Reminiscence Theatre performance contribute to restore, represent and re-establish the specific sense of place through the re-inscription and reproduction of body and space through performance of memory in each specific locale in Asia? What are the political, ethical and aesthetic implications that these Reminiscence Theatre performances contain and carry in our contemporary society? What are the urgencies that these performances of memory can counter the placelessness that surround our identical metropolitan city and rural sites which constantly displace and dislocate us? How can these performances of memory can re-establish our specific sense of place? What are the unique aesthetic strategies that they employ to achieve this goal as alternative theatre aesthetics? How do they devise and collaborate to form their common representations of memory? What are their similarities and differences? I would like to use concrete examples as case studies from Reminiscence Theatre performances conducted in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan to explore the above pressing issues and I also argue that Reminiscence Theatre has a lot to offer to re-constitute our sense of place through reproduction of space and body through performance and provoke us to reorient into our specific locale ”glocally”. The theories of Henri Lefebvre's space production and Edward Soja's Third Space, postmodernism and post-colonialism as well as Reminiscence Theatre's theories and praxes will be employed to demonstrate and analyze these unique Reminiscence Theatre performances in our time of globalization.

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