照顧者社會支持、照顧評價和失能老人家庭照顧品質的相關性探討

The Relationships between Caregivers' Social Support, Appraisal of Care and Quality of Family Care among the Disabled Elderly

王麗雪(Li-Hsueh Wang) ； 何美瑤(Mei-Yao Ho) ； 呂桂雲(Kuei-Ynu Lu) ； 葉淑惠(Shu-Hui Yeh)

《實證護理》 3卷3期 (2007/09) Pp. 177-187

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.3.3.177

摘要

本研究目的在探討照顧者社會支持、照顧評價和失能老人家庭照顧品質的相關情形。採立意取樣方式，選取高雄市接受居家護理服務的失能老人及其照顧者共112人，以結構式問卷家訪調查居家失能老人及照顧者之基本屬性資料、照顧者社會支持、照顧者照顧評價、失能老人家庭照顧品質。統計方法包括描述性統計、相關分析、變異數分析、逐步迴歸分析等。所得研究結果顯示：1.失能老人整體家庭照顧品質屬中上程度，依分量表來看，失能老人在「生理方面」的需求滿足情形得分最高，在「心理方面」的得分較低。2.經複迴歸分析發現，照顧者照護評價、目前與老人的感情關係、社會支持的足夠程度等三個變項，是預測整體家庭照顧品質之重要變項，可解釋的總變異量為56.1%。研究顯示照顧者照護評價是預測失能老人家庭照顧品質之重要變項(41.6%)，研究結果可提供居家護理人員在照顧失能老人之建議及參考，早期發現影響家庭照顧運作的危險因子，並進而提升家庭照顧品質。

關鍵字

照顧者 ； 社會支持 ； 照顧評價 ； 失能老人 ； 家庭照顧品質

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to explore the relationships between caregivers’ social support, appraisal of care and quality of family care in relation to the disabled elderly, and to examine variables that predict quality of family care. A purposive sample for this study consisted of 112 participants who were selected from home care agencies in Kaohsiung. Questionnaires were used to collect data via home visits. The data included demographic characteristics (both of the caregivers and the patients), caregivers' social support, appraisals of caregiving, and quality of family care. The statistical analysis methods included descriptive statistics, Pearson product moment correlation, independent t test, one way ANOVA, and stepwise regression. The results of this study were as follows: (1) The quality of family care of elderly people with disabilities was of the upper medium degree. The highest mean score was recorded on the physical dimension subscale, while the lowest was recorded on the psychological dimension subscale. (2) Caregivers' appraisal of care, the current relationship with the patient, and caregivers' perception of ”sufficient social support” accounted for 56.1% of the variance in quality of family care. The results of this study show that caregivers' appraisal of care was an important predictor of quality of family care of older people with disabilities (41.6%). Health professionals should provide support networks for families, since a positive caring relationship and social support contribute significantly to improvements in the quality of family care.

並列關鍵字

caregiver ； social support ； appraisal of care ； disabled elderly ； quality of family care