希望理論在運動心理學之應用

The Application of Hope Theory in Sport Psychology

陳建瑋(Chien-Wei Chen) ； 季力康(Li-Kang Chi)

《臺灣運動心理學報》 15卷1期 (2015/05) Pp. 75-94

https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT2015.1501.04

摘要

本文以希望理論（hope theory）為基礎，回顧希望理論在運動領域中的研究發現以及相關結果。本文先介紹希望理論之理論背景及定義，再來介紹其研究工具，最後聚焦在運動領域中之應用、發現以及未來研究方向。國內外相關研究結果指出較高的希望會與運動心理學中許多相關變項有關，例如希望可以預測運動員的運動表現，主觀幸福感，壓力因應策略，賽前狀態性焦慮以及大學生體育課之表現，證實了將希望理論運用在運動領域中有其重要性。希望理論整合原本在運動心理學中有關聯但卻分開來進行研究的議題（目標設定與成尌動機），研究發現讓研究者對於運動表現以及相關變項有新的理解，未來還需要更多的實證研究將希望理論運用到運動領域中。

關鍵字

目標 ； 路徑 ； 動力 ； 運動表現 ； 希望介入

並列摘要

This article is based on the hope theory in the field of sports and reviews the relevant results and new research findings. The article first introduces the theoretical background and definitions of the hope theory and then leads to describe the measurement methods, and finally focuses on the applications, findings, and future research directions. Results of studies worldwide indicated that higher hope was correlated with many variations in sport psychology. For example, athletes' performance in sports, well-being, stress coping strategies, precompetitive anxiety, and students' performance in P.E. classes were all predicted by hope. These examples signify the importance of applying the hope theory in the field of sports. The hope theory utilizes two previously related but separate studies-goal setting and achievement motivation. The results of this research lead us to have a better understanding of athletes' performance and its relevance to research variations. As we continue to research, we will need more researchers to apply the hope theory in the field of sports.

並列關鍵字

goal ； pathway ； agency ； sport performance ； hope intervention

參考文獻

陳建瑋、季力康(2012)。希望、自信心與目標取向對大學生體育表現之預測。大專體育學刊。14，73-81。

陳建瑋、季力康(2014)。運動希望量表之修訂及因素結構檢驗。體育學報。47，221-232。

陳建瑋、季力康(2009)。2×2目標取向與希望對大專運動員競賽壓力因應策略之預測。體育學報。42，71-86。

Arnau, R. C.,Rosen, D. H.,Finch, J. F.,Rhudy, J. L.,Fortunato, V. J.(2006).Longitudinal effects of hope on depression and anxiety: A latent variable analysis.Journal of Personality.75,43-63.

Babyak, M. A.,Snyder, C. R.,Yoshinobu, L.(1993).Psychometric properties of the Hope Scale: A confirmatory factor analysis.Journal of Research in Personality.27,154-169.