競技太極拳推手訓練架構分析與探討

競技太極拳推手是建立在傳統太極拳推手而發展起來的運動項目，在台灣已有32年的發展歷史。然而在逐漸步入競技行列的太極拳推手運動中，台灣的運動員卻一直缺乏適合的訓練方式，部份運動員仍套用傳統推手的訓練方法，參與太極拳推手的競技比賽，因而造成諸多的精良技術無從發揮，吞下敗仗。故此，本文就相關的文獻，探討競技太極拳推手運動的訓練架構，分析競技太極拳推手與傳統太極拳推手間不同之處，包括有技術的展現、戰術的運用、賽圈的意識與競技心理能力等差異；以及探討影響競技太極拳推手與傳統太極拳推手訓練方式的相關因素，包括勝負意識、訓練方法、基本運動能力、專項體能、基本技術、應用技法與訓練計畫之安排等，並建議以科學的研究，利用傳統和現代相結合的訓練方式，提高太極拳推手運動員的訓練水準；且須能借鑒國際與國內相關運動競賽的寶貴經驗及其豐富的理論，以改進當前太極拳推手競賽和訓練方面的各種缺點。

關鍵字

競技太極拳推手；訓練架構

並列摘要

Sport Tai-Chi-Chung Push Hand which has developed for 32 years in Taiwan is one of sport item; it developed from the Traditional Tai-Chi-Chung Push Hand. Now, it has become a combat contest, but athletes in Taiwan still training by traditional Push Hand discipline, always shorting of modern training and conditioning. It makes most of Push Hand athletes lose without sport capacities. The paper confer with training structure in sport Tai-Chi-Chuan Push Hand, to analyze the difference between Sport Tai-Chi-Chung Push Hand and Traditional Tai-Chi-Chung Push Hand from sport skill, tactics, line of game's area, contest psychological capacity. And discuss about training factors from winning consciousness, training methods, basic motor capacity, and specific physical fitness, basic Push Hand skills, application Push Hand skills, and periodization. It suggests combine traditional and modern training method with scientific research, to enhance training standard, and learn the experience, theory from international contest, to improve the fault contest and training on sport Tai-Chi-Chung Push Hand