台北市大學生生活型態、休閒動機與休閒參與之相關研究

The Relationships between Life Style, Leisure Motivation, and Leisure Participation among College Students in Taipei

謝智謀(Chih-Mou Hsieh) ； 鄭順璁(Shue-Tsung Jeng)

《臺灣體育運動管理學報》 2期 (2003/11) Pp. 50-65

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解台北市大學生生活型態、休閒動機與休閒參與之關係，根據Weissinger & Bandalos (1995)提出如果個人沒有休閒參與的覺察、態度與技能或常常有約束性，則較無法有參與活動的動機，較常有無聊的感覺。當個人具有休閒參與的覺察、態度與技能，較能在休閒參與時獲得美好的經驗。因此休閒動機可以瞭解大學生在參與休閒活動的傾向，以便提供適當的休閒活動，並給予適當的輔導，避免因為休閒時問的增多產生無聊感，進而衍生出不良的休閒行為如嗜食、酗酒、藥物濫用、不當性行為、飙車等危害性活動發生。研究採問卷調查法，使用Beard & Ragheb (1983)所發展的休閒動機量表，以分層立意叢集抽樣的方式進行資料的收集，資料分析以，典型相關進行資料解釋。本研究試圖探討大學生生活型態、休閒動機與休閒參與之關係，以提供大學生在休閒活動時能有更多的愉悅與滿足感，且獲得更適當的激發感為本研究的動機。
本研究對象為900名台北市大學生。研究結果發現：
1．大學生生活型態共分為家庭型、知識型、運動型、關懷型、社交型、人際型、流行型、保健型、法治型、領導型、媒體型、價格型等十二個因素，做為大學生生活型態區隔。
2．大學生生活型態與休閒動機間具有典型相關。
3．大學生生活型態與休閒參與間具有典型相關。
4．大學生休閒動機與休閒參與間具有典型相關。
根據本研究結果顯示，大學生生活型態、休閒動機、休閒參與之相關情形，並提出建議以供休閒輔導、休閒規劃參考，並對未來研究方向提出建議。

關鍵字

生活型態 ； 休閒動機 ； 休閒參與

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationships between life style, leisure motivation and leisure participation among college students in Taipei. Weissinger and Bandalos (1995) mentioned that people who have lower perception of leisure participation, attitudes, skills, and higher constraints, the lower leisure motivation and the more feelings of boredom they have; vice versa. Leisure tendency can be known through leisure motivation. According to this tendency, more positive leisure activities can be provided for college students to avoid leisure boredom, substance abuse and violent behaviors during free time. The instrument of AIO Life Style Scale (Plummer, 1974), Leisure Motivation Scale (Beard and Ragheb, 1983) and Leisure Participation Scale (Ragheb, 1980) were used in the study. The data were collected using stratified purpose of cluster sampling. Canonical correlation was used to test the hypotheses. The results provide significant influences to playfulness and satisfactions of leisure participation among college students.
Factor analysis and canonical correlation were used to test the hypotheses among 900 college students in Taipei. The results indicated
1. There were twelve life style factors among college students including, family style, knowledge style, sport style, caring style, social style, interpersonal style, fashion style, health style, law style, leader style, media style, price-oriented style.
2. There were significant canonical correlations between life style and leisure motivation.
3. There were significant canonical correlations between life style and leisure participation.
4. There were significant canonical correlations between leisure motivation and leisure participation.
The results provided suggestions for leisure programming, leisure planning, and future studies.

並列關鍵字

life style ； leisure motivation ； leisure participation

參考文獻

Beard, J. G,Ragheb, M. G(1983).Measureing leisure motivation.Journal of Leisure Research.15(3),219-228.

Nash, J.(1953).Philosophy of recreation and leisure.Dubuque, IA:William C. Brown.

Ragheb, M. G.,Tate, R. L.(1993).A behavioural model of leisure participation: Based on leisure attitude, motivation and satisfaction.Leisure Sciences.12,61-70.

Weissinger, E.,Bandalos, D.L(1995).Development reliability and validity of a scale to measure intrinsic motivation in leisure.Journal of Leisure Research.27(4),379-400.

Wells, W. D.(1974).Life style and psychographics.Chicago:American Marketing Association.