從社區動員模式探討公民社會基層實踐的可能性

An Explore on the Practice of Civil Society in Local Community: A Perspective of Mode of Community Mobilization

王明輝(Ming-Huei Wang)

《高應科大人文社會科學學報》 12卷1期 (2017/12) Pp. 1-27

摘要

本文擬探討之課題有二：一為對於近年來政府推動之「社區營造」政策，所扶持發展出的「績優社區」，到底應該如何看待及定位？二為這樣的社區發展模式，又與「公民社會」的實踐，是否存在必然的關聯？等兩個問題。本文以X社區此一績優社區為對象，並以該社區發展協會為研究的策略點，從靜態結構性與動態動員方式兩個面向為研究架構，進行本課題的分析。研究分法則透過參與觀察與個案深度訪談方式，進行資料的蒐集。研究發現：一、績優社區主要是因為運用政府資源下，才顯現出成效。二、社區被評選為績優，並非社區體質也有重大改變。三、傳統動員機制在績優社區裡仍有決定性的作用。四、現階段社區的優異表現僅是一種「冷柴效應」，還談不上公民社會的發展狀態。

關鍵字

社區營造 ； 績優社區 ； 社區中介組織 ； 社區發展協會 ； 公民社會

並列摘要

This paper aims to explore two issues. One is how to view and define the so-called ＂excellent community＂ which has been promoted by the government under the ＂community-building＂ policies in recent years. The other is whether there is any substantia link between the model of community development and the practice of ＂civil society＂. With community development association as a research vantage point, we take X community, an excellent community, as an example and provide a research framework from static structure and dynamic mobilization aspects to analyze these issues. The methods of participant observation and in-depth interviews are used to collect research data and some crucial findings are as follows: first, the effect of the excellent community mainly because of the use of government resources. Secondly, some community is named an excellent one does not mean its essence has changed. Thirdly, traditional mobilization mechanism in the excellent community still has an important role. Finally, some communities' outstanding performances at this stage are only ＂cold wood effect＂, and perhaps it still lets alone the development of ＂civil society＂.

並列關鍵字

community-building ； excellent community ； community intermediate group ； community development association ； civil society