透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.145.111.183
  • 期刊

鈷六十治療機輻射安全劑量評估

Decommissioning of a Cobalt-60 Unit and Estimation of Exposure Dose to Personal

摘要


國立台灣大學醫學院附設醫院腫瘤醫學部擬規劃將原有之站六十遠隔治療機除役。欲撤除之舊鈷六十治療機係屬醫用密封放射性物質,由本校合格輻防專員及原能會認可之輻射防護專業公司協助執行整個除役拆機及運送安全程序。使用之鈷六十遠隔治療機射源採彈簧驅動式含有阻擋器(beam stopper)。在距離(SSD)爲65cm,照野開10×10平方公分的設定條件下,以Fanner Dosimeter 2570游離腔測量機器輸出30秒的輸出(output)值。配合Г常數計算並考慮、機頭校正因子。在將機頭拆下未裝入木箱之前會以Eberline FH40F2偵轍器在射源(Head)上取點(如圖一所示)量測。根據行政院原子能委員會醫用鈷六十遠隔治療機輻射安全檢查要求,在射源關閉狀態時,距射源一公尺處之輻射場強度最大不得超過100μSv/hr,平均不得超過20μSv/hr[10]。而鈷六十射源機頭經擦拭測驗後,其取樣值約等於背景值。在經行政院原子能委員會核准停用後,整個除役過程在輻射安全、應注意事項及處理步驟上皆依照原能會所頒訂之「放射性物質安全運送規則」及「游離輻射防護安全標準」辦理,並且針對拆機期間工作人員所受之輻射曝露擬定計畫特別曝露和評估其所受劑量。本實驗結果顯示,設備表面的最大曝露率爲30μSv/hr,距射源1米處的最大曝露率爲則爲4μSv/hr,根攘保守估計負責封機、拆機的五個工作人員在整個工作期間每人所接受劑量約爲53μSv,可能是因爲在將鉛塊封入機頭時受到較大的曝露,實際上每人所受累積劑量均未超過50μSv,且其平昀值僅爲17.8μSv,遠小於計算所得的保守估計值,還可能是因爲計算值是採最大的曝露率進行保守估計,而且實際進行拆機時,工作人員並非一直待在機頭附近而是進進出出、來回走動,所以實際接受到曝露的時問並不如預估的久,故工作人員所受曝露與原先的預估值小很多,而在整個拆機過程中工作人員可說是確實遵守合理抑低(ALARA)的原則[4]。經做過嚴謹的沙盤演練後,在整個拆機、輻防作業規劃及管制採取合理抑低的原則下,評估後可順利地完成報廢移機之程序。

並列摘要


The Department of Radiation Oncology at the National Taiwan University Hospital plans to retire the original cobalt-60 machine, and empty out the treatment room to install a new linear accelerator, The old cobalt-60 machine that will be removed is a sealed source for medical use. There should be a qualified radiation protection commissioner to supervise all procedures of dismantling the machine and the safety of transportation. After gaining the approval of the Atomic Energy Council (AEC) at the executive , all procedures concerning radiation protection works should be considered and in line with the steps according to ”Regulations about the Security of Transporting Radioactive Materials” and ”Rules of Ionizing Radiation Security” which are issued by AEC. Aiming at the workers who received radiation exposures during the dismantling gauge planned special exposures and estimating the doses. After conscientious and careful practices, planning and controlling of radiation protection obey the rule of ALARA (as low as reasonable achievable) whole dismantling and transportation of the cobalt-60 machine was smoothly accomplished. This paper describes the procedure about how to handle the retiring of a cobalt-60 machine and estimate personal dose fully and accurately.

被引用紀錄


呂憶鑫(2012)。利用熱發光劑量劑評量桃園研究用反應器停爐後之軸向衰變加馬線分佈〔碩士論文,中臺科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6822/CTUST.2012.00047

延伸閱讀