運動介入影響動脈彈性與老化性高血壓之探討

動脈隨著老化產生結構與功能性的改變，使得老年人罹患高血壓的危險性提高，進一步併發心血管疾病的比例也隨之上升；臨床上透過動脈波形與傳遞速度分析已成為有效評估動脈彈性特質的黃金指標，較以往測量血壓的方式更能有效評估動脈硬化程度與疾病死亡率。研究顯示運動為有效延緩動脈硬化與保持動脈功能的非藥物性治療方法，其中以有氧運動效果最佳；而儘管目前研究顯示阻力運動並無法增加動脈順應性，但長期而言對於血壓控制仍有降低的效果，故長期有氧訓練結合適當阻力運動為目前老年人或高血壓患者適當的運動方式。另外，長久以來游泳被視為有氧運動的種類之一，近來研究發現長期游泳訓練後血壓會顯著上升，與過去研究結果有所不同，需要進一步研究釐清游泳是否為老年人或高血壓患者有效的運動模式。

關鍵字

運動；老化；高血壓；動脈硬化；動脈順應性

並列摘要

The structurally and functionally deterioration of human artery in aging contributes to higher risk of suffering hypertension or related cardiovascular diseases. Pulse wave analysis and velocity have been clinically proposed as gold standards, which are superior to traditional blood pressure monitoring in assessing arterial elasticity. Previous studies showed exercise, especially aerobic exercise, is an effective non-pharmaceutical modality in decrease arterial stiffness and preserve arterial function. Despite resistance exercise has been found unfavorable to arterial compliance, it is still suggested that resistance exercise is effective on lowering blood pressure from long-term perspective. Aerobic training combined proper resistance exercise so far is most suitable for elder and hypertensive people as far as exercise modality is concerned. In addition, swimming that has been considered as aerobic type of exercise recently was found causing increased blood pressure after training, which was different from pervious findings. Further studies are needed to clarify whether swimming exercise is favorable in lowering blood pressure that can be recommended as an effective mode for elder and hypertensive people.

並列關鍵字

exercise ； aging ； hypertension ； arterial stiffness ； arterial compliance

參考文獻

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