四週不穩定台面訓練對動態平衡能力及停止訓練後保留效果之研究

Dynamic Balance Ability and the Retention Effect after Detraining during a 4-Week Platform Training Period

黃漢年(Han-Nien Huang) ； 蘇明耀(Ming-Yao Su) ； 賈叢林(Tsorng-Lin Chia) ； 山本高司(Yamamoto Takashi)

《運動生理暨體能學報》 13輯 (2011/12) Pp. 47-57

https://doi.org/10.6127/JEPF.2011.13.05

摘要

目的：本研究利用不穩定平衡台之不穩定刺激，旨在檢測站立平衡能力之優劣，並探討其訓練效果。方法：受試對象為15位健康大學男生，分為控制組、非經驗組及經驗組（滑板社團學生）各五位。實驗組分別實施一日10次，連續4週之動態站立訓練，並於停止訓練後一個月再檢測一次。不穩定平衡台為自製設計，左右最大傾斜角度為40度，受試者赤足站立於不穩定平衡台上，盡最大努力保持站姿平衡，記錄其平衡維持時間，各得訓練前、訓練後與再測等三項成績，以混合設計二因子變異數分析進行考驗，顯著水準定為α = .05。結果：非經驗組訓練前（1.93 ± 0.36 秒）與訓練後（4.13 ± 0.50秒），及經驗組訓練前（2.06 ± 0.19 秒）與訓練後（4.95 ± 0.61 秒）之比較，都有達到顯著的進步，且在完成第2週訓練後開始，發現兩組都有顯著的訓練效果產生。又經驗組在停止訓練後一個月的再測結果（3.83 ± 1.54 秒），比訓練前之成績優越。結論：短期間密集式實施每日10次的動態站立訓練，是可以提昇平衡維持時間與增進下肢左右協調能力的。又意指平衡能力不同於力量型或肌力型等生理機能的訓練，它可能不因時間的經過而有影響，此一結果，期能提供選手與教練在訓練上有深層的思維。

關鍵字

動態平衡 ； 蹺蹺板 ； 平衡維持時間

並列摘要

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the dynamic balance training effects between the experimental and control students through the stimulation of instability platform like-seesaw, as well as to examine the effects after training and detraining. Methods: Fifteen male undergraduate students participated, who were divided into three groups: the control group, the non-experiment group, and the experiment group, and the last two groups received training of 10 times per day for 4 weeks and after cessation training for one month. The subjects were required to stand barefoot on a custom-built platform and the balance keeping time for 10 trials per day is recorded. The maximum inclination of the platform was 40∘from horizontal surface by side to side. The data were analyzed by the two-way ANOVA, mixed design (3 groups × 3 times) with repeated measures to examine any changes after training and detraining. Results: The experimental results revealed significant differences between before and after trainings in both the non-experiment and experiment groups. Especially, there was enough evidence to prove the significant progress after two weeks training. Moreover, we observed that the ability of dynamic balance after a detraining period will extend the significant difference while compared with before training in the experiment group. However, there were no significant difference between the after training and the detraining period. Conclusions: The analyzing results showed the dynamic balance function and the coordination of lower limbs can be promoted by a short practices period of 10 times the daily. It also pointed to the ability of dynamic balance that is the result of a reflex through constant practice and training routine to develop the adjustment capacity of the nervous system and spinal cord for lower limbs, but not affected by time.

並列關鍵字

dynamic balance ； seesaw ； balance keeping time

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