策略性及靜態性運動員在影像記憶表現上之差異

The Difference of Iconic Memory Performance between Stragitcs and Static Sport types

梁衍明(Yen-Ming Liang) ； 陳冠錦(Guang-Jin Chen) ； 姚在府(Zai-Fu Yao)

《嘉大體育健康休閒期刊》 15卷1期 (2016/04) Pp. 1-14

https://doi.org/10.6169/NCYUJPEHR.15.1.01

摘要

近年來研究指出，長期持續性運動訓練的選手，在複雜注意力和訊息處理的神經心理測驗上有較佳的表現，其中尤以截擊式運動的選手表現較佳，但尚未有系統的比較，運動類型對於特定認知能力所造成的差異，因此，本研究欲探討：「1.」運動訓練類型與影像記憶表現的關聯性；「2.」不同運動類型選手間特定認知功能 的差異。本實驗總共招募43 位不同類型的現役運動選手，包含靜態性 (游泳運動員14位)、策略性 (籃球運動員15位)及非運動員控制組14位，配對控制年齡、性別、教育程度及智力等變項。行為實驗則以影像記憶能力為依變項，以探討運動類型與感官記憶之間的關係。研究結果顯示，運動員組相較於非運動員控制組，在正確率及效率指標上有顯著較佳的表現，尤以籃球選手為佳。本研究結果提供了證據支持，運動訓練特性與類型對於感官記憶能力之間的心理與認知歷程有一定的影響，而認知功能對於運動訓練之間的關係，也不可忽視。

關鍵字

認知表現 ； 影像記憶 ； 競技訓練 ； 運動類型

並列摘要

It has been demonstrated that physical fitness and aerobic exercise an alter brain structure and maintain cognitive function in late-life. However, it’s still unclear that how experienced long-term high intensity physical training and involve in complex environment will modify brain works. The aims of current study use iconic memory task to investigate the relationship between cognitive function and type of sport in elite athletes. We compare the distinct sport types (e.g. swimmer (N=14) vs.basketball player (N=15) ) with non-athletes (N=14) on sensor-motor memory performances. Results shows that the elite athletes groups had higher accuracy and more efficient of iconic memory task when compared the non-athletes control group, espceially in stragetic sport (basketball player).Our findings support that the relationships between sporting behavior and cognitive function which might influenced by distinct sport types.

並列關鍵字

cognitive performance ； iconic memory ； athletic training ； sport type

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