捷克的國家認同與歐洲認同－民意與政黨之認知差距

本文主要探討捷克的民意及主要政黨對國家認同與歐洲認同的看法與其認知上的差距，而本文的主要論點是認爲國家認同的「利益」高於歐洲認同，在此基礎上，民意與政黨的看法基本上並無二致，不過民意與政黨對「利益」內容所指卻未必相同。本文主要是假設捷克民意與政黨對國家認同與歐洲認同的認知差距是因爲二者對「利益」的理解不同所致。對捷克人民而言，所謂的「利益」是要建立在日常生活的實際面，回歸歐洲的目的就是爲了讓生活更好。本文的問題包括：(1)以比較觀點檢視捷克人對歐洲認同及加入歐盟的看法。(2)捷克加入歐盟之後，民眾的生活滿意度及對歐盟的評價。(3)捷克政黨及民意對主要公共議題認知上的差距，這些議題包括入盟公投（2003年）、『歐盟憲法條約』（2005年）及『里斯本條約』（2008年）、美國在捷克境內設置雷達基地（2007-2008年）及捷克的歐盟輪值主席國（2009年上半年）。

關鍵字

捷克；國家認同；歐洲認同；歐洲懷疑論；回歸歐洲

並列摘要

This article explores the cognitive gap of the public and political parties in the Czech Republic through the recognition of national identity and European identity. This article argues that the ”interest” of national identity is higher than European identity, and both of the public and political parties agree with this point, but differ from each other on some understandings of ”interest.” The questions of this article include (1) examining the Czech European identity and reviewing its entrance to EU on a comparative approach, (2) evaluating the satisfaction of the life standard after the Czech entrance to EU, (3) discussing several public issues from the perspective of the public and political parties, and these issues are the referendum of joining the EU (2003), EU Constitution Treaty (2005) and Lisbon Treaty (2008), American radar base in the Czech land (2007-2008), and the Czech EU presidency in the first half of 2009. This article articulates the content of ”return to Europe” as European identity and it refers to the practical benefit of daily life. Why to return to EU? It is for a better life.