族群正義與族群政治－以R. v. Marshall為例

Group Justice and Group Politics: R. v. Marshall

陳張培倫(Tunkan Tansikian (Chen Chang Pei-Lun)

《台灣國際研究季刊》 7卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 35-58

https://doi.org/10.29800/TLSQ.201103.0003

摘要

加拿大最高法院對R. v. Marshall一案的判決，藉由承認歷史條約內容，確認了Mi'kmaq族擁有商業捕撈的權利，但為了保育與其它正當目的，判決同時也主張政府仍有權進行必要之限制。本文試圖指出，雖然在該判決的後續影響與政府處理步驟上仍有爭議，但此判決對族群正義的實踐有其意義，一方面它意涵著歷史正義之具現，國家與主流族群不應迴避原屬原住民族的權利，另一方面它也標誌著大社會應認真思索如何實現歷史正義權利與保障當下分配正義間的平衡問題，方能促進族群間的平等地位。

關鍵字

族群正義 ； 歷史正義 ； 分配正義 ； 原住民族 ； R. v. Marshall

並列摘要

In the decision of R. v. Marshall, the Supreme Court of Canada admitted that the historical agreement to be effective nowadays, and that the Mi'kmaq bands still hold the right to fishing for commercial profits. This paper argues that, although there are some disputes about the decision's influence and government's response, it is a milestone for improving group justice. On the one hand, the country acknowledges indigenous rights on the historical documents; on the other hand, it gives an impetus to the whole society to deliberate how to equilibrate the claims from historical justice and the claims from distributive justice.

並列關鍵字

group justice ； historical justice ； distributive justice ； Indigenous People ； R. v. Marshall

參考文獻

n.a. 2002. “Burnt Church Timeline. (http://www.nben.ca/aboutus/caucus/archived_caucuses/ffa_archive/fishery/timeline.htm) (2010/11/20)

n.a. 2010. “Mi'kmaq of Nova Scotia, Province of Nova Scotia and Canada Sign Landmark Agreement.” (mhttp://www.marketwire.com/press-release/Mi'kmaq-of-Nova-Scotia-Province-of-Nova-Scotia-and-Canada-Sign-Landmark-Agreement-1311913.ht) (2010/11/20)

Barsh, Russel Lawrence(2002).Netukulimk Past and Present: Mikmaw Ethics and the Atlantic Fishery.Journal of Canadian studies.37(1),15-42.

Bedford, David(2010).Emancipation as Oppression: The Marshall Decision and Self-Government.Journal of Canadian Studies.44(1),206-20.

Coates, Ken S.(2000).The Marshall Decision and Native Rights.Montreal:McGill-Queen's University Press.