如何喚醒沉睡中的語言？希伯來語復振的經驗

希伯來語沉睡近兩千年，在十九世紀末、二十世紀初之間被喚醒，重新獲得活力，成為廣為引述的語言復振成功的例子。其經驗常被描述為「語言死而復生」的「奇蹟」，或是「唯一的」語言復活實例。本文從語言習得和微觀語言規劃的角度，探討希伯來語復振成功的因素及過程。首先，本文分析希伯來語復振背後的相關因素，並探討希伯來語復振的過程，接著討論語言習得及微觀語言規劃在希伯來語復振過程扮演的角色，最後提出希伯來語復振對台灣的啟示。

關鍵字

希伯來語；語言復振；民族主義；微觀語言規劃；語言習得

並列摘要

Hebrew has been a sleeping language for nearly two thousand years, however, between the late 19 century and the early 20 century, it was awakened to become a vernacular language. The success story of Hebrew language revitalization is the most cited example in the literature. It is often described as ”miraculous” rebirth from language death, or the only example of language revival. Using theory of language acquisition and micro language planning, this paper attempts to investigate the process and sociolinguistic factors contributing to the success of Hebrew language revitalization. Hebrew's experience not only show that endangered language can be saved, but also provide ways to awaken sleeping languages. Implications for Taiwan's language revitalization are provided.

並列關鍵字

Hebrew ； language revitalization ； nationalism ； micro language planning ； language acquisition

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