猶太人大屠殺進程及轉型正義－以審判及成立紀念館為例

Holocaust and the Transitional Justice Process: Trial and Establishment of Memorial Hall as Examples

范盛保(Lloyd Sheng-Pao Fan)

《台灣國際研究季刊》 8卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 133-148

https://doi.org/10.29800/TLSQ.201203.0006

摘要

二次大戰期間，占彼時猶太人總數近三分之二、約六百萬的猶太人被納粹德國屠殺。是怎樣的背景造成此近乎種族滅絕的大屠殺？二戰後，猶太人如何尋求轉型正義的實踐？要實踐到怎樣的程度才算完成轉型正義？責任釐清了，但審判已完成了嗎？真像還原了，但還是有人會否定大屠殺的發生。本文試圖在了解猶太人大屠殺的進程與大屠殺後的轉型正義。筆者認為，追到天涯海角也要把戰犯提起訴訟才算是完成責任釐清的轉型正義；而還原真相與歷史記憶的永久保存，則是回復受難者尊嚴，藉以形成和解、共識的轉型正義。

關鍵字

大屠殺 ； 轉型正義 ； 反閃族主義 ； 最終解決方案

並列摘要

During World War II, about six million Jews, accounted nearly two-thirds of total Jews, was slaughtered by Nazi Germany. What is the cause of this Holocaust? After the World War II, how the Jews tried to implement the measures of practice of transitional justice? To what extent the implementation of transitional justice could be deemed as an accomplishment? Responsibilities have been clarified, but can we say the trials have been done? Truth has been restored, but some people still continue denying the Holocaust. This paper attempts to understand the Holocaust in the process and transitional justice after the Holocaust. The author argues that by any means bringing the war criminals to the court is to clarify the responsibility for transformation justice. Restoring the truth and permanent preservation of historical memory are to recover the dignity of the victims so as to form reconciliation-oriented and consensus-based transitional justice.

並列關鍵字

Holocaust ； transitional justice ； Anti-Semitism ； Final Solution

參考文獻

BBC (DVD). 2004. Auschwitz: The Nazis and the Final Solution.

Boraine, Alexander L.(2006).Transitional Justice: A Holistic Interpretation.Journal of International Affairs.60(1),17-27.

EyeWitness to History. 2004. “The Sentencing and Execution of Nazi War Criminals, 1946.” (http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/nuremberg.htm) (2012/2/18).

Levitt, Zola. 1999. ”Foreshadows of Wrath.” (http://www.levitt.com/essays/foreshadows.html) (2012/2/18).

Philpott, Daniel(2007).What Religion Brings to the Politics of Transitional Justice.Journal of International Affairs.61(1),93-110.