庫德族是生活在中東地區的一個古老民族,人口總數約三千萬,其中在土耳其境內的庫德人數在900萬到1,400萬人之間,是該國境內最大的少數族群,主要居住在東南部地區,過去庫德族的文化、政治、甚至使用語言的權利遭到土耳其政府漠視,部分庫德人主張自決獨立,成為土耳其內部政治不穩定的主要來源。本文主要目的是藉由回顧土耳其庫德問題的發展過程,探討庫德族與土耳其政府之間的關係現況,藉以讓讀者對庫德族在土耳其之地位有比較完整的瞭解。論文將先介紹庫德人在土耳其統治的歷史,其次將說明土耳其政府對庫德問題的政策轉變,之後將討論歐盟國家在土耳其庫德問題所扮演之角色。
Kurds is the largest ethnic minority group in Turkey. For decades Turkish government ignored and even suppressed the Kurdish people, denying them political, cultural, and even linguistic rights. Kurdish rebellions against Turkish rule became the primary source of domestic instability in Turkey. This article examines the Kurdish issue from historical perspective by first introducing the history of Turkish rule of Kurdistan, and policy changes of Turkish government in recent years. The later part discusses the role of European Union in Kurdish issue.