For the purpose of strengthening global competitiveness, universities in Taiwan overemphasize instrumental/external purposes, such as industrial demand or employment function training, which make universities gradually keep away their liberal arts education (Bildung) tradition, and pay less attention for the responsibility of social justice and public goods . Under this context, this paper is based on Amartya Sen's capability approach theory (CA theory) to inquiry Sen's relative comparative framework of social justice, to illustrate core concepts of CA theory and to indicate a way of revitalizing universities' responsibility for social justice and public goods. At the end the paper, the author also discusses the challenge and criticism from Rawlsian camp to present possible limitations of Sen's CA theory.