飛行決策對降低飛安危機與提升飛訓效率之研究

A Study of Aeronautical Decision Making on Aviation Crisis and Training Efficiency

李文進(W. C. Li) ； 崔海恩(H. Tsuei) ； 李婕漪(C. Y. Lee) ； 吳富堯(F. E. Wu)

《危機管理學刊》 2卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 35-44

https://doi.org/10.6459/JCM.200503_2(1).0005

摘要

「判斷」是指在思考過程中，將觀念上一致或不合之處互相比較後轉化為具體策略，並於檢視事實或經由邏輯推理後確認優先順序，以做出正確之決策的過程。飛行員的判斷牽涉了個人對危機處理之態度和對危機的評估能力，以及依據知識、技能和經驗所做的決策，因此國際航空心理學協會主席Jensen博士認為判斷與決策是一體兩面，飛行判斷即是飛行決策。本研究採「關鍵事件調查法」（Critical Incidents Technique，CIT）此方法是以行為導向，研究執行任務過程中之有效與無效操作，並配合結構式訪談以蒐集質化資料，共訪談八位飛行教官與八位學員，經由教官與學員在實際飛行訓練時所經歷之事件（Events），淬取出飛行訓練課目中與飛行決策相關之因素，藉由教官與學員不同的角度看相同的問題－「學員易犯的飛行決策之錯誤」與「學員應具備的飛行判斷能力」，分析施教者與受教者之間對「飛行決策」的異同觀點，以提升飛行訓練之效益並確保飛行安全。

關鍵字

人為因素 ； 飛行決策（ADM） ； 飛行員素養 ； 關鍵事件調查法（CIT）

並列摘要

Judgment is a process of thinking that logically integrates the difference between expected and unexpected conditions, and then makes an appropriate decision to resolve the unexpected problem, to control and reduce damage from an unexpected crisis. The judgment of pilot in aviation operation includes his/her altitude to crisis management and his/her ability to asses the crisis that based on knowledge, skills and experiences. This study uses Critical Incidents technique, it is behavior oriented, and concerns the effective and ineffective operation of pilot in flight.This study interviewed 8 student pilots and 8 instruction pilots, trying to sort out the Aeronautical Decision-making they were experienced in flight, and to find out what kinds of ability that the student pilot should have in order to control the unexpected crisis, and to improve training and safety in flight.

並列關鍵字

human factors ； aeronautical decision-making ； airmanship ； critical incidents technique

參考文獻

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