去氧核醣核酸水解酶

Deoxyribonuclease

廖大修(Ta-Hisu Liao) ； 陳威戎(Wei-Jung Chen)

《宜蘭大學生物資源學刊》 1卷1期 (2004/12) Pp. 1-19

https://doi.org/10.6175/job.2004.11.11

摘要

去氧核醣核酸水解酶（deoxyribonuclease DNase）為一種核酸內切酶（endonuclease），可水解基質去氧核糖核酸（DNA）中之磷酸雙酯鍵（phosphodiester bond）。非限制性的DNase根據目前研究可大致區分為三大類，包含：DNase I、DNase II與近年來研究細胞凋亡（apoptosis）之熱潮中甫被發現的caspase-activated DNase（CAD）。本文中除對上述三者之基本性質及應用略作介紹外，另將著眼於首先被發現且目前被研究最為透徹的牛胰臟甲型去氧核醣核酸水解酶（bovine pancreatic DNase I, bpDNase），分別就其基本結構特性、可能作用機轉、與鈣離子之關係、其雙硫鍵之生物功能及其N-與C-端片段參與bpDNase活性蛋白摺疊之重要性等方面近年來研究之重要成果作詳細之介紹；最後提出本實驗室進行DNases相關結構與功能研究之未來展望。

關鍵字

去氧核醣核酸水解酶 ； 牛胰臟甲型去氧核醣核酸水解酶 ； 鈣離子 ； 雙硫鍵 ； 蛋白質摺疊

並列摘要

Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) is an endonuclease capable of hydrolyzing phosphodiester bonds in double-stranded DNA. Non-restrictive Dnases can be divided into three major categories based on the current studies, including DNase I DNase II and caspase-activated DNase (CAD), which arose from the apoptosis researches recently. In this review, we will introduce not only the basic properties and applications of these three groups of DNases, but also will focus on the firstly-discovered and most thoroughly-studied DNase, bovine pancreatic DNase I (bpDNase). The structural characteristics, possible catalytic mechanism, calcium effects, biological functions of the disulfides, and the involvement of the N-and C-terminal fragments in the active protein folding of bpDNase will be described, and future perspectives of our investigations for the structure and functions of DNase will be discussed.

並列關鍵字

deoxyribonuclease ； DNase ； bovine pancreatic DNase ； bpDNase ； calcium ； disulfide ； protein folding