後現代主義對於餐旅教育的啟示

The Enlightenment of Hospitality Education from Postmodernism

李怡君(Yi-Chun Lee)

《餐旅暨家政學刊》 4卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 187-204

摘要

後現代主義是1980年代以來在普遍在學術界的各領域中被廣泛討論的議題之一，其精髓在於強調多元文化並存以及尊重多元。後現代主義被認爲是一種思潮也是認識論(epistemology)和方法論(methodology)。餐旅教育強調以人爲主要研究對象，有些研究需要較深度的探討。由於在研究的典範(paradigm)上，目前餐旅教育多是以量化研究爲主。因此，在研究方法論上應尋求更多元化。本篇是一篇概念性(conceptual paper)的文章，以文獻調查法(literature survey)的方式作爲研究的主要方法。首先是分別蒐集及整理各種不同來源的後現代主義、及餐旅高等教育的相關文獻，藉以瞭解後現代主義與餐旅高等教育之間的關聯性，最後針對餐旅高等教育在後現代社會中應有定位及未來方向，作進一步的反思(reflective thinking)，希望爲未來的餐旅高等教育有一些啟示的作用。

關鍵字

方法論 ； 後現代主義 ； 餐旅教育 ； 反思

並列摘要

Postmodernism has been regarded as one of the most popular issues in the academia since 1980. The core of postmodernism is to emphasize the pluralistic culture and respect diversity. Postmodernism is considered as a epistemology and a methodology. The center of attention hospitality education research is on the human subjects; therefore, some issues need to be explored profoundly. On the research paradigm, the majority of hospitality papers are still using the quantitative research as methodology. For that reason, the methodology of hospitality research should be more diversified. This is a conceptual paper. The purpose of this article is from the postmodernism to confer the theme of hospitality education. The paper starts with the literature of postmodernism, then to bring up new apocalypses to hospitality education based on the ideals of postmodernism. Finally, the reflective thinking of hospitality education is presented from the view of postmodernism. The implications of the results for hospitality educators are discussed.

並列關鍵字

Methodology ； post-modernisml ； hospitality education ； reflective thinking

參考文獻

蔡錚雲(1993)。「現代」與「後現代」爭論的釐清－李歐塔[Jean-Francois Lyotard]與哈伯瑪斯[Jurgen Habermas]爭論的基源分析。鵝湖學誌。11，75-101。

艾愷(2007)。後現代主義的分析與批判。歷史月刊。228，55-67。

Avgoustijs, S. H.(1996).The Design of A Job Specification Model for Hospitality Management Educators: Using the Delphi Method to Analyze Competency Requirement.(Indiana State University Dissertation).

Ballantine, J.,Larres, P. M.(2007).Cooperative learning: A pedagogy to improve students' generic skills?.Education + Training.49(2),126-137.

Barrows, C.W.,Barrows, C.W.(Eds.),Bosselman, R.H.(Eds.)(1999).Hospitality Management Education.New York:The Haworth Hospitality Press.