透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.235.42.157
  • 期刊
  • OpenAccess

票據追索權行使要件之探討

A Study of Requisition of Exercing Recourse

摘要


1.追索權乃票據到期不獲承兌,不獲付款或有其他法定原因時,執票人於行使或保全票據上權利之行為後,對於發票人、背書人或其他票據債務人得請求償還票據金額、利息及費用之權利。其行使之要件可分為實質要件與形式要件。實質要件即行使追索權之原因,須有法定原因之存在。追索原因原則上係限於到期追索,例外時匯票不獲承兌、本票不獲付款,付款人或承兌人死亡、逃避等而無從承兌或付款提示,及其受破產宣告時,雖在到期日前亦得行使追索權。 2.追索權行使之形式要件,須履行追索權保全手續。其手續因期前追索與到期追索而有不同,但均須①提示票據,②作成拒絕證書,③通知拒絕事由。期前追索之形式要件,若屬匯票,須先承兌之提示;若屬本票,到期前發票人之信用喪失,付款可能性變小時,均得期前追索;而支票限於見票即付,若屬遠期支票,不允許期前追索。 3.到期追索之程序,須遵期提示,此為執票人行使票據權利之行為,亦為保全追索權之行為,若不遵期提示,將喪失追索權。又追索權之保全,還須遵期作成拒絕證書,始得追索。其目的係為使償還義務人確知拒絕付款之事實,因此執票人不須為此麻煩手續即得行使追索,另外償還義務人亦得節省負擔作成證書之費用及避免拒絕付款之事實被公開等利益。拒絕事由之通知乃課以執票人迅速將追索原因之發生,通知償還義務人之義務,如此可使償還義務人及早知悉償還事由而準備償還資金,及防止償還金額之擴大等作用。執票人若怠於此義務,限於已發生或確定發生之損害,於票據金額之限度內負損害賠償責任。 4.本文所使用文獻,限於台灣及日本之出版物。其研究方法係分析三種票據,並針對本票、支票之特殊問題為探討,故包括本票之強制執行裁定、支票追索權等問題。當中以日本學說、判例為基礎,對照我國學說、判例,論述兩國理論基礎為驗證,比較其異同得失,並找出現行理論及實務之缺點,提出建議作為未來修正之參考。本文截稿後始取得施文森大法官之巨著「票據法論-兼析聯合國國際票據公約」,故擷取其學說及票據公約之規定為論證補強。本題論文於國內甚為缺乏,日本亦不多見,若專文不足誠屬遺憾。

並列摘要


There are two requisition of exercing recourse:the substantial and the formal, the substantial requisition needs to have legal reason for exercing recourse. If payment his refused upon due presentment or if the holder cannot obtain the payment, the formal requisition is duly protested. A protest is a statement of dishonour drawn up at the place where the instrument has been dishonoured and signed and dated by a person authorized in that respect by the law of that place. The holder may recover from the person against whom he exercises his right of recourse:(1)The amount of the unaccepted or unpaid bill of exchange with interest, if interest has been stipulated for;(2)Interest at the rate of 6 per cent from the date of maturity;(3)The expense of protest and of the notice given as well as other expenses

延伸閱讀