紀昀多元觀點的現象解讀－以《閱微草堂筆記》爲例

The Phenomenon Interpretation of Chi, Yun's Multiple Perspectives-Take "Yue-Wei-Cao-Tang-Bi-Ji" as an Example

高志成(Chih-Cheng Kao)

《人文社會學報》 5期 (2006/12) Pp. 19-47

摘要

紀昀《閱微草堂筆記》創作目的，除了要糾正傳統以來「筆記」體缺失之外，還要借此評論宋明理學之「語錄」純粹談理不足處，並進而以此文體呈顯其智性分析下允許多元觀點的現象解讀，除了善惡標準之外，尚有是非標準，並彰顯出儒學長久以來，被學界所疏忽的「經驗價值」的面貌，而此一彰顯，也在無形中，與未來的所謂全球「現代化」觀念，有隱然接榫的契機，縮短了傳統中國文化與西方世界思潮接軌的時間。當然，囿於時局限制，紀昀尚有保守與落後的看法，縱使其勸戒目的是良善的，但是借之譬喻的例證，依然是流於「三綱」價值下的負面現象；畢竟，觀念改變非一蹴可及，是需要足夠的量變，方能有質變之可能。對此，我們應以包容態度來作客觀如實的理解。

關鍵字

紀昀 ； 閱微草堂筆記 ； 清代 ； 儒學詮釋 ； 對比研究

並列摘要

Besides correcting the shortcomings of traditional ”note” literary form, the purposes of Chi, Yun writing ”Yue-Wei-Cao-Tang-Bi-Ji” are to comment on the ”quotations” of the Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties that only talked about idealist philosophy; to present the phenomenon interpretation, which is that there are right-and-wrong norms in addition to good-and-evil norms, of allowed multiple perspectives under intellectual analysis by this literary form; and to manifest the ”experiential values” of Confucianism that has been neglected by the academic circle for a long time, and by which it seems to be able to connect with the concept of so-called global ”modernization” in the future imperceptibly and shorten the time of traditional Chinese cultures connecting with the Western trend of thoughts. And, because of the current political situation, Chi, Yun still had backward and uncivilized perspectives. After all, changes of concepts could not be reached in one step. Thus, regarding Chi, Yun's academic achievements, we could say that he summed up the scholarly culture of the upper level by editing ”Sih-Ku-Cyuan-Shu” and presented the plebeian cultures of the lower level by composing ”Yue-Wei-Cao-Tang-Bi-Ji” that responded to each other to establish the overall and objective academic integrity!

並列關鍵字

Chi ； Yun ； Yue-Wei-Cao-Tang-Bi-Ji ； the Ching Dynasty ； Confucianism Interpretation ； Comparative Study