雲嘉老人跌倒之研究

A Study for the Elder Falls

江瑞坤(Jui-Kun Chiang) ； 鄭宇翔(Yu-Hsiang Cheng) ； 陳欣欣(Hsin-Hsin Chen) ； 陳淑娟(Shu-Chuan Chen) ； 蔡坤維(Kun-Wei Tsai)

《台灣老年醫學雜誌》 1卷3期 (2006/02) Pp. 174-181

https://doi.org/10.29462/TGG.200602.0004

摘要

目標：跌倒是老人的一個重要的健康問題，因為不只可能造成傷害甚至失能，並且帶來高罹病率及死亡率。本研究探討因跌倒至急診求醫的老人跌倒情形、跌倒後傷害的嚴重程度、過去疾病史、亦分析其影響因子。
研究方法：本研究以南部一家區域教學醫院為例，對急診主訴跌倒65歲以上161例老人進行訪視觀察追蹤研究，統計分析使用t檢定、卡方檢定及羅吉斯迴歸等方法分析以比較跌倒情形，並著重於跌倒後骨折嚴重度之影響因子。
結果：急診求診的老人中約有5%主訴為跌倒，本研究收集之161例，女男比例約為2比1，年紀平均為77.0±6.9歲，白天(92.5%)及室內(56.3%)跌倒較多。跌倒原因以絆倒、滑倒意外、站起坐下居多。跌倒時症狀，以無力虛弱、頭暈及暈眩佔多數。因跌倒而住院者佔46.6%，平均住院天數為7.3±4.3天。骨折後日常活動(ADL)和工具性日常活動(IADL)分數有顯著變差；分析結果顯示女性、有糖尿病史者會影響其跌倒骨折嚴重度。
結論：對於老人跌倒受傷除了診斷、治療外，應小心分辨其所致原因及可能影響因子，尤其是女性、有糖尿病史者須格外審慎。

關鍵字

老人 ； 跌倒 ； 骨折

並列摘要

Purpose: Fall is a serious health problem for the elderly because it not only causes disabling injuries but also carries the high morbidity & mortality. We tried to analyze the nature of the falls, the resulting injuries and their severity, the comorbid conditions of the patients and the possible contributing factors to the falls.
Methods: We collected all cases of elderly subjects visiting a local emergency room due to falling injuries during a 10-month period in southern Taiwan. Totally, 161 cases were collected and followed up. t-test, chi-square test and logistic regression were applied to analyze the data and results.
Results: About 5 percent of the visits to the emergency rooms by the elderly persons were related to falls. 161 samples we have collected included with the arerape of 77.0 (±6.9) years. 161 such cases. There were twice as many women as men, and most of the falls occurred during the waking hours (92.5%) and inside the house (56.3%). Most of the falls were attributed to accidental slip or trip and positional change. Most common associated symptoms included weakness, dizziness, and vertigo. Almost half of the patients (46.6%) sustained injuries severe enough to require hospitalization. Mean of hospitalization days: 7.3 (±4.3) days. The patients with fracture had worsened scores in activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) 3 months after the falling injury. It appeared that female gender, presence of diabetes mellitus carried a higher risk of more serious injuries that included fractures of the weight-bearing bones.
Conclusion: In addition to intervention and treatment on the falls, female gender and presence of diabetes mellitus might be associated with more serious injury as a result of the fall significantly.

並列關鍵字

elder ； fall ； fracture