Nature of Slow and Quick Decline of Macadamia Trees

澳洲胡桃樹之慢速與急速枯萎之特性

柯文雄(Wen-Hsiung Ko)

《Botanical Studies》 50卷1期 (2009/01) Pp. 1-10

摘要

澳洲胡桃樹雖然原產於澳洲，卻是經過夏威夷大學的育種與開發後，其核果才成為高價值的產品，並引起許多國家大面積的種植。樹的枯萎是種植澳洲胡桃所面臨的最嚴重問題。此問題包括由Kretzschmaria clavus或Ganoderma lucidum造成根腐所引起的慢速枯萎，及由Nectria rugulosa、Xylaria arbuscula、Phellinus gilvus、Phytophthora tropicalis或Acremonium recifei造成主幹腐朽所引起的急速枯萎。接種原的來源及病害發展模式皆因病原菌的不同而有所差異。慢速同急速枯萎的病害診斷所以特別在這篇報告裡提出。

關鍵字

Acremonium recifei ； Ganoderma lucidum ； Kretzschmaria clavus ； Macadamia integrifolia ； Nectria rugulosa ； Phellinus gilvus ； Phytophthora tropicalis ； Xylaria arbuscula ； 急速枯萎 ； 慢速枯萎

並列摘要

Macadamia which is native to Australia has been grown in commercial scale in many counties after its development into an economic crop in Hawaii in the 1930s. Tree decline is the most serious problem in macadamia plantations. It consists of slow decline resulting from root rot caused by Kretzschmaria clavus or Ganoderma lucidum and quick decline resulting from trunk decay caused by Nectria rugulosa, Xylaria arbuscula, Phellinus gilvus, Phytophthora tropicalis, or Acremonium recifei. Inoculum sources and modes of disease development differ due to difference in causal organisms. A diagnostic key for slow and quick decline of macadamia trees is presented.

並列關鍵字

Acremonium recifei ； Ganoderma lucidum ； Kretzschmaria clavus ； Macadamia integrifolia ； Nectria rugulosa ； Phellinus gilvus ； Phytophthora tropicalis ； Xylaria arbuscula ； Quick decline ； Slow decline