Reevaluating the Taxonomic Status of Ceriops Australis (Rhizophoraceae) based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence

以形態及分子特徵再評估南方細蕊紅樹（紅樹科）的分類位階

許秋容(Chiou-Rong Sheue) ； 楊遠波(Yuen-Po Yang) ； 劉和義(Ho-Yi Liu) ； 周富三(Fu-Shan Chou) ； 張秀琴(Hsiu-Chin Chang) ； Peter Saenger ； Christopher P. Mangion ； Glenn Wightman ； Jean W. H. Yong ； 蔡奇助(Chi-Chu Tsai)

《Botanical Studies》 50卷1期 (2009/01) Pp. 89-100

摘要

南方細蕊紅樹為紅樹科的紅樹林植物，White原發表此為細蕊紅樹的一變種，Ballment等人隨後僅以同功酵素特徵的差異，將其提昇至種的位階，由於兩者極為相似，形態上僅胎生苗下胚軸的外表略有差別，故被指稱為細蕊紅樹的親緣種。本研究欲驗證此兩分類群的形態特徵是否僅具下胚軸的差異，並輔以分子特徵，再評估其分類位階及確立其地理分布範圍。以來自澳洲、馬逹加斯加與蘇門答臘的標本材料做形態測量分析，選出29項形態特徵，以主成分分析(PCA)，可將原先試驗性地分成此兩個分類群的材料明顯地區分為二大群。另外，比較此兩分類群的新鮮植物與臘葉標本之多項細微形態特徵和葉綠體DNA的trnLintron基因序列也支持此結論。本研究的結果不同意先前所認為之此兩分類群僅具下胚軸的形態差異，支持南方細蕊紅樹之種的分類位階。本文並提供此兩種植物的檢索表及重新建立南方細蕊紅樹的分布範圍，除了澳洲和巴布亞新幾內亞外，本研究並首次報導印尼地區亦有本種的分布。

關鍵字

澳洲 ； 細蕊紅樹屬 ； 細蕊紅樹 ； 分布 ； 印尼 ； 紅樹林 ； 巴布亞新幾內亞 ； 葉綠體DNA ； 主成分分析

並列摘要

Ceriops australis (White) Ballment, Smith & Stoddart, a member of the mangrove family Rhizophoraceae, was originally recognized as C. tagal var. australis White but was raised to species rank based solely on isozyme features and the only distinctive morphological feature of the hypocotyl. Therefore, it was considered a sibling species of C. tagal (Perr.) C. B. Rob. The goal of this study was to test the previous assessment that C. australis and C. tagal differ consistently only in hypocotyl morphology, in order to reevaluate the taxonomic status and to establish its geographic range. Principal components analysis was employed to analyze 29 morphological characters of herbarium specimens from Australia, Madagascar, and Sumatra tentatively identified as C. australis and C. tagal, and two well differentiated distinct taxa were recognized. In addition, both of the detailed morphological features based on fresh and herbarium materials and the intron sequences of trnL gene from plastid DNA support this conclusion. This finding disagrees with previous assessment and supports the current taxonomic status of C. australis. Here, a key to these two species is provided, and a revised distribution range of C. australis is established. This is the initial report of C. australis' occurrence in a part of Indonesia, in addition to areas of Australia and Papua New Guinea.

並列關鍵字

Australia ； Ceriops tagal ； Ceriops ； Distribution ； Indonesia ； Mangroves ； Papua New Guinea ； Plastid DNA ； Principal components analysis