Phylogenetic Relationships of Antrodia Species and Related Taxa Based on Analyses of Nuclear Large Subunit Ribosomal DNA Sequences

分析核糖體大亞基核酸序列研究薄孔菌屬(Antrodia)種類與相關分類群的系統關係

余知和(Zhi-He Yu) ； 吳聲華(Sheng-Hua Wu) ； 王冬梅(Dong-Mei Wang) ； 陳成桃(Cheng-Tau Chen)

《Botanical Studies》 51卷1期 (2010/01) Pp. 53-60

摘要

本研究旨在評估薄孔菌屬(Antrodia)種類與相關分類群的關係，包含一些曾被處理為其他屬（粉孔菌屬(Amyloporia)，絲孔菌屬(Fibroporia)，台芝屬(Taiwanofungus)）的薄孔菌屬種類的分類地位探討。Binder等人在2005年提出的同擔子菌綱(Homobasidiomycetes)系統學的一項廣泛性研究，為本研究選取分析類群之參考。外群取”residual” polyporoid clade以及phlebioid clade的屬，內群則選取Antrodia clade以及core polyporoid clade的屬。藉由分析核糖大亞基核酸序列進行系統發生學研究。分析方法為「最大簡約法」(maximum parsimony)、「最大似然法」(maximum likelihoood)以及「貝葉氏導出式分析」(Bayesian inference)，這些分析所得結果基本一致。內群包含兩個未具有高支持度的支序群，支序群A由12個薄孔菌屬的種以及迷孔菌屬(Daedalea)，擬層孔菌屬(Fomitopsis)，新鏡孔菌屬(Neolentiporus)，滴孔菌屬(Piptoporus)等屬的種類組成，這些都隸屬於薄孔菌支序群。這12個薄孔菌屬的種並未聚成一次支序群，顯示它們非為單系群。12個薄孔菌屬種類中兩種屬於絲孔菌，其識別特徵為子實體具有菌索狀邊緣，它們聚成高支持度的一群。本研究中具有粉孔菌屬類澱粉質的骨骼菌絲特徵的五種並未形成單系群。絲孔菌屬的屬級地位在本研究中得到支持，但粉孔菌屬的屬級地位則未得到支持。支序群B由一些屬於Antrodia clade和core polyporoid clade的屬組成。台芝屬的兩種在本研究中聚成一明顯的次支序群，其屬級地位得到支持。

關鍵字

粉孔菌屬 ； 薄孔菌屬 ； 絲孔菌屬 ； 擬層孔菌屬 ； 系統發育 ； 多孔菌 ； 台芝屬

並列摘要

This study aimed to evaluate relationships of Antrodia species and related taxa, including the taxonomic status of some Antrodia species that have been treated as separate genera (Amyloporia, Fibroporia, and Taiwanofungus). A comprehensive phylogenetic study of Homobasidiomycetes presented by Binder et al. in 2005, was consulted for sampling the taxa used for this analysis. The genera of the ”residual” polyporoid clade and phlebioid clade of the Homobasidiomycetes were chosen as outgroups, and the genera belonging to the Antrodia clade and core polyporoid clade were selected as ingroup. Phylogenetic analyses of this study were based on sequence data derived from the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nuc-LSU rDNA). The analytical methods of maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian inference (BI) were used. Results from these different analyses were generally consistent. Two main clades lacking high support were detected in the ingroup. Clade A consisted of taxa of the Antrodia clade, including all twelve studied Antrodia species and members of four other genera: Daedalea, Fomitopsis, Neolentiporus, and Piptoporus. The twelve Antrodia species were not clustered into a distinct subclade, indicating that Antrodia is not a monophyletic group. Two species of Fibroporia (belonging to Antrodia sensu lato), characterized by having a fruiting body with a rhizomorphic margin, clustered together with very strong support. Five species with amyloid skeletal hyphae, diagnostic of Amyloporia, did not group together. The generic status of Fibroporia, but not Amyloporia, was supported in this study. Clade B consisted of the genera of the core polyporoid clade. Both species of the recently established genus Taiwanofungus formed a distinct subclade, supporting its generic status.

並列關鍵字

Amyloporia ； Antrodia ； Fibroporia ； Fomitopsis ； Phylogeny ； Polypore ； Taiwanofungus