Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of Different Wild Bitter Gourd Cultivars (Momordica Charantia L. Var. Abbreviata Seringe)

不同品種山苦瓜抗細菌與細胞毒性之研究

呂岳霖(Yeh-Lin Lu) ； 劉玉華(Yuh-Hwa Liu) ； 梁文俐(Wen-Li Liang) ； 全中和(Jong-Ho Chuang) ； 鄭可大(Kur-Ta Cheng) ； 梁弘人(Hong-\dJen Liang) ； 侯文琪(Wen-Chi Ho)

《Botanical Studies》 52卷4期 (2011/10) Pp. 427-434

摘要

山苦瓜(Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Seringe, MCA) 通常比常見之苦瓜(Momordicacharantia L., MC) 小，屬於葫蘆科植物。本實驗以花蓮區農業改良場提供之16 種不同品種山苦瓜，分別以冷水（水抽物）與甲醇（甲醇抽取物）抽取，以濃度10 mg/mL 進行抗細菌試驗，測試菌種包括抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌 (ATCC 33591)、綠膿桿菌 (ATCC 27853) 、 大腸桿菌 (ATCC 10536) 與沙門氏桿菌(ATCC 19126)；以濃度1 mg/mL 對HT 1080 細胞進行細胞毒性評估。結果顯示，所有的山苦瓜抽取物對於抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌 (ATCC 33591) 與綠膿桿菌 (ATCC 27853) 的生長都沒有抑制效果；部分品種之水抽物與甲醇抽取物具有抑制大腸桿菌 (ATCC 10536) 與沙門氏桿菌 (ATCC 19126) 的生長；即使將水抽物以100°C 加熱五分鐘，亦有抑制上述兩種細菌生長。在HT 1080 細胞細胞毒性方面，品種D ( 成熟，綠皮)、E 與F 的水抽物及品種D (成熟，綠皮) 與E 的甲醇抽取物具有顯著細胞毒性，與對照組藥物doxorubicin (10 μg/mL) 相當。以上的結果顯示，山苦瓜抽取物未來也許可以開發為天然抑制食品病原細菌的食品添加物或是做為抑制癌細胞生長的保健品。

關鍵字

抗細菌活性 ； 細胞毒性 ； 大腸桿菌 ； 山苦瓜 ； 沙門氏桿菌

並列摘要

Wild bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Seringe, MCA), which is normallysmaller than cultivated bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L., MC), both belong to the family Cucurbitaceae. The fresh fruits of MC and MCA are frequently used as vegetables in Taiwan. Water (H) and methanolic (M) extracts of sixteen cultivars from Taiwanese indigenous MCA (10 mg/mL) were tested for their antibacterial activities toward the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus (ATCC 33591), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ATCC 19126), and for their cytotoxic activities toward human fibrosarcoma HT 1080 cells. None of the extractsshowed inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa,however, several H and M extracts (even H extracts that were heated at 100°C for 5 min) showed inhibitory activity against the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. For cytotoxic activities toward humanfibrosarcoma HT 1080 cells, H extracts (1 mg/mL) from mature D, E, and F cultivars, and M extracts (1mg/mL) from mature D and E cultivars showed similar cytotoxic activities compared to that of 10 μg/mL of doxorubicin. The use of MCA extracts as natural food additives to control food-borne pathogens and/or their development as health foods for chemoprevention in the future is discussed.

並列關鍵字

Antibacterial activity ； Cytotoxic activity ； Escherichia coli ； Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviataSeringe (MCA) ； Salmonella enteric