Topography and Nanosculpture of Petals' Surfaces of Short-Lived Flowers of the Wild Species Cistus Creticus, Cistus Salviifolius, Eruca Sativa and Sinapis Arvensis

野生種Cistus creticus, Cistus salviifolius, Eruca sativa和Sinapis arvensis之短命花之花瓣表面的立體構造及聚合物微泡

Apostolos Argiropoulos ； Sophia Rhizopoulou

《Botanical Studies》 53卷4期 (2012/10) Pp. 479-488

摘要

連續開花之野生種Sinapis arvensis, Eruca sativa, Cistus creticus和Cistus salviifolius的短命花之花瓣的向軸面及離軸面分別以光學顯微鏡，電子顯微鏡和原子力顯微鏡檢視。花瓣之立體構造顯示一種次微米之緩解結構，由此可預期其可視外形和花之組織的可溼性。花瓣和葉肉之向軸，乳突的表皮細胞。含鬆散地安排之細胞及大的細胞間隙；由此產生了共軛捕捉光的區域之環境，因此影像日光使用效率以及改變組織之光學性質的可能性。使用原子力顯微鏡檢視花瓣之表皮顯示出一種次微米緩解結構；此結構增加表皮細胞之細胞表面面積，此特徵很可能是短命花之演化適應機制。Sinapis arvensis和 Eruca sativa花瓣表面之不同分層帶可能加強組織之巧妙性和影響黏密的接觸，這些都發生在短命花之三天開發期。Cistus creticus及Cistus salviifolius之短暫的花之光滑光瓣表面可能顯示強之反射作用。高解析圖像顯示在上述所有花種花瓣向軸面之粗糙化現象都比離軸面高。知命花瓣表面之微細構造之特性可能對生長在自然環境下之野生種的花的表現特別重要。

關鍵字

向軸的 ； 離軸的 ； 花 ； 摺 ； 聚合物微泡 ； 花瓣 ； 反撥的 ； 表面 ； 野生種

並列摘要

The adaxial and the abaxial petal surface of short-lived flowers of the successively blossoming species Sinapis arvensis, Eruca sativa, Cistus creticus and Cistus salviifolius were examined using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The topography of petals revealed a submicron relief that is expected to influence the visual appearance and the wettability of floral tissues. Adaxial, papillate epidermal cells of petals and mesophylls consistent of loosely arranged cells and large intercellular spaces produce conditions of coordinated light trapping areas, affecting the light use efficiency and the likelihood of changing optical properties of the tissues. Visualization of the petals' epidermises using an atomic force microscope revealed a microrelief that increases the cell surface area of the epidermal cells and this may be a well adapted mechanism to a short floral span. Distinct striations on the petal surfaces of Sinapis arvensis and Eruca sativa may strengthen the delicate tissues and influence the adhesive contacts, during a three-day floral span. Smooth petal surfaces of ephemeral flowers of Cistus creticus and Cistus salviifolius may show strong reflections. High resolution imaging shows that roughening of the adaxial surface of petals is higher than that of the abaxial surface, in all the above mentioned species. Traits of micromorphology of the epidermal surface of short-lived petals may be particularly important for the performance of flowers of wild species grown under ambient conditions.

並列關鍵字

Adaxial ； Abaxial ； Flower ； Folding ； Microsculpture ； Petal ； Repellent ； Surface ； Wild Species