Pileomyces Formosanus gen. et sp. nov. (Halosphaeriaceae, Ascomycota) from a Rocky Shore of Taiwan

臺灣岩岸新種海洋海殼菌科子囊真菌Pileomyces formosanus gen. et sp. nov.

彭家禮(Ka-Lai Pang) ； 鄭仁勝(Jen-Sheng Jheng)

《Botanical Studies》 53卷4期 (2012/10) Pp. 535-539

摘要

臺灣對於海洋真菌研究是不足的，最近的研究紀錄了紅樹林環境中69種海洋真菌，其中34種是新紀錄種。相對於紅樹林的研究，關於臺灣海洋岩岸海洋真菌多樣性之文獻是匱乏的。在新北市鶯歌石的一次野外採集調查中，發現了一種屬於海殼菌科（Halosphaeriaceae）的新種海洋真菌，其特徵為具黑色孢子器（ascomata），孢子囊（asci）為棒狀，子囊頂端較厚且具開口，內細胞質膜呈收縮狀（retraction of plasmalemma），孢子（ascospores）為橢圓形，其一端具有片狀附著器（sheet-like appendage），且會脫落。由於此新種的附著器型態在海殼菌科中是相當獨特的，因此建立一個新屬種Pileomyces formosanus。Pileomyces 屬之孢子囊形態和Aniptodera及Phaeonectriella兩屬相似，而孢子之附著器形態跟Tirisporella（T. beccariana）類似，皆存在於孢子一端。

關鍵字

小囊菌目 ； 海殼菌科 ； 海洋真菌 ； 漂流木 ； 多樣性 ； 分類

並列摘要

In Taiwan, knowledge of marine fungi is fragmentary with recent studies documenting 69 species from mangrove habitats, of which 34 taxa were new records for the country. Marine fungi on trapped substrates from rocky shores of Taiwan are comparatively less known. In a fieldtrip to Yingkeshih (New Taipei City, northeastern Taiwan), a new fungus belonging to the Halosphaeriaceae was discovered. This fungus is characterized by dark-coloured ascomata, broadly clavate asci with an apical thickening, pore and retraction of plasmalemma, and ellipsoidal ascospores with a sheet-like appendage covering one end, which eventually detaches from the ascospore. This distinctive ascospore appendage morphology is unique in the Halosphaeriaceae and Pileomyces formosanus gen. et sp. nov. is introduced to accommodate this fungus. Pileomyces resembles Aniptodera and Phaeonectriella in the morphology of the ascus, and Tirisporella (T. beccariana) in gross morphology of the ascospore appendage, however, the appendage is attached to the ascospores at the apex in Tirisporella.

並列關鍵字

Aquatic fungi ； Ascomycota ； Microascales ； Taxonomy