Elevation of Serum HSP90α Correlated with the Clinical Stage of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

AIM: The heat shock protein HSP90α, reportedly expressing in cytoplasm, had been recently detected in serum-free cultured medium (CM) from fibrosarcoma cells and breast adenocarcinoma cells. The present study was designed to investigate whether HSP90α could be found in the CM of lung cancer cell lines, and is a sensitive and specific serum biomarker for the diagnosis and progression of lung cancer. METHODS: In the present study, different secretomic analyses on the two human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines CL1-0 and CL1-5 with low and high metastatic potential, respectively, were performed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The candidate biomarker was confirmed by immunoprecipitation and Western blot, and was further analyzed in 224 serum samples including 141 lung cancer, 37 benign pulmonary diseases, as well as 46 healthy individuals using ELISA assay. RESULTS: Six biomarkers were identified, of which HSP90α was significantly upregulated in the CM of CL1-5 cells. It was found that the levels of HSP90α were specifically elevated in the sera of non-small cell lung cancer compared with other groups and were progressively increased with the clinical stage. At the cut-off point 0.535 on the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, HSP90α could comparatively discriminate lung cancer from benign lung disease and healthy control groups with sensitivity 0.817, specificity 0.919 and total accuracy 80.14%. CONCLUSION: HSP90α may be a potential useful serum biomarker to discriminate lung cancer from the benign lung diseases and healthy individuals and the stage of non-small cell lung cancer.

並列關鍵字

HSP90α ； CL1-0 ； CL1-5 ； secretome ； metastasis

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