臺灣八人制拔河運動之發展(1990-2005)

臺灣八人制拔河運動推廣初期，曾定名為「新式八人制拔河運動」，目的讓國人瞭解八人制拔河與傳統拔河之不同。臺灣八人制拔河運動的相關研究，大多以運動科學及訓練效能為主，對於發展與影響並未觸及，八人制拔河運動對體育的影響以教育政策的推行及校園內的推展成效是主要關注重點。本篇以臺灣拔河運動初期發展階段為研究對象，採用文獻分析與訪談等質性的研究方法，主要是探討與了解臺灣八人制拔河運動初期及中期發展的歷程為研究目的，所獲得具體結論是：一、藉由文獻收集及訪談的過程，將影響臺灣八人制拔河運動的重要推動人士、協會組織運作、推廣政策及發展歷程完整的保存下來，透過對臺灣八人制拔河運動其發展與影響，了解萌芽期及成長期發展過程與實際作為。二、雖然發生萬人拔河斷臂事件，所幸全國拔河協會即時提出拔河運動競賽暨注意安全手冊，平息事件之風暴使危機化為轉機；而良好的政策推動會直接影響體育運動發展的成效，教育部推動多元校園活動中，最主要校園體育政策之一「一人一運動，一校一團隊」，而八人制拔河運動，則是這項政策下，教育部最支持的團隊運動，也是成效最顯著的項目。三、在這發展過程中，國內每年有三大場全國性錦標賽，每場均有各級學校之比賽，於此奠定良好各階層訓練比賽機制，使我國女子拔河代表隊在2005年奪得第7屆世界運動會520公斤級的金牌，正是教育部自1998 年推展各級學校八人制拔河運動至今，這些奪得金牌的選手都持續在校園培訓，沒有間斷，而且是以學生身分組成的，正是教育部積極推展各級學校拔河運動的成果。

關鍵字

八人制拔河；拔河運動

並列摘要

At the early movement of Taiwanese eight-person tug-of-war, this type of sport was once named new-eight-person tug-of-war, which aids people to understand the distinction between the new type tug-of-war and the traditional one. Most related researches about eight-person tug-of-war aim at sports science and training effectiveness, not including the developments and influences. In Taiwan, the main focuses of eight-person tug-of-war in physical education are two parts: the promotion of educational policies and the developing effectiveness in schools. Adopting qualitative method such as literature review and interviews, this essay is to focus on the early stage of Taiwanese eight-person tug-of-war to analyze the premier and mid-term developing process. The conclusions are as the followings: First, by collecting the literature and interviews, the authors preserve the complete developing progress of the eight-person tug-of-war, including the persons who put the sport into practice, the association operations, and the promotion policies. And this will help people to understand the premier and developing progress about tug-of-war. Second, though there was an accident that people broke their arms in the tug-of-war, National Tug of War Association immediately offered the safety manuals and successfully turn the crisis into opportunity. An appropriate policy directly influences the effects of sports development. Under the ”multi-campus activity” policy promoted by Minister of Education (MOE), the main campus sport policy is that ”one person, one sport; one school, one team”. Eight-person tug-of-war is supported mostly by MOE, and its effectiveness has gained remarkable results. Third, in the process of development, there are three national championships held in Taiwan every year. All levels of schools participate the games and therefore the mechanism of training and competition is well-established. In 2005, the women's tug-of-war team won the 7th World Games gold medal in 520 kg-class. And these players had been training since MOE promoted the tug-of-war policy. What's more, the players whose identity were students are the best production of MOE sports policy in schools.