新武士道野球文化的形成：以早稻田大學野球部為考察對象

The Development of the New Bushido Yakyu Culture: A case Study on Waseda Daigaku Yakyubu (Baseball Club of Waseda University)

林勝龍(Sheng-Lung Lin)

《身體文化學報》 19期 (2014/12) Pp. 49-103

https://doi.org/10.6782/BCJ.201412_(19).0003

摘要

本文旨在探討早稻田大學（早大）野球部，如何將武士道野球觀與美式棒球技術進行融合，漸而型構出合理化的新武士道野球文化之過程。研究結果發現1901年早大設立野球部，安部磯雄部長雖無野球背景，但基於基督教的「自治精神」和「人類愛」等理念下指導球隊。被稱為「野球道始祖」的安部，雖於1891年前往美國留學三年，此時仍不知棒球之存在。直至1894年赴英國時，得知牛津與耶魯大學進行田徑對抗賽後，深覺國際間競技交流之重要性，立志未來將為國際賽事盡心力。1904年早大野球部獲得日本霸權後，1905年，安部率隊前往美國遠征，除開啟日本與國外球隊交流之門外，並實現其志願。早大野球部基於安部的人類愛精神，將美國最新（科學）的野球技術帶回日本，透過演講、運動雜誌等方式進行普及。《最新野球術》一書中，提倡如何將以精神修養為手段的武士道野球，融入「科學的野球」理論（合理化的訓練法），進而型構出合理化的「新武士道野球」文化。如安部在「野球三德」中，藉由支撐武士道骨架「智、仁、勇」中的概念，重新定義武士道野球之內在價值觀。意即「本土文化」之武士道觀點，置於「外來文化」中解釋其合法性與合理性。安部甚至在1907年提及：「若有『國技』，勢必是『野球』」之言論。」

關鍵字

新武士道野球 ； 合理化的新武士道野球 ； 早稻田大學野球部

並列摘要

This study aims to realize the development of 'New Bushido Yakyu (Japanese style baseball)' culture. We focus on how he 'Japanese Bushido Yakyu' combined with American baseball skills, and became to a 'New Bushido Yakyu' culture. This study found that Waseda Daigaku Yakyubu (Baseball Club of Waseda University) was launched in 1901.Abe Isoo, the captain of Yakyubu, who had never played baseball, taught Yakyubu about the concepts of 'self-autonomy' and 'human love' from Christian. Abe has known as the 'first ancestor of Yakyudo (The way of baseball),' but he didn't know baseball at all during the study in America from 1891 to 1894. Until 1894, Abe watched a track and field competition between Oxford and Yale universities he started to realize the importance of international games, and in his ambition to devote to international competition. In 1904, Yakyubu won the championship in Japan. In 1905, Abe and his Yakyubu had a chance to join a game in America, since that time, international communication between Japan and other countries has been started. Because of he Abe's 'human love spirit', Yakyubu brought back the newest American techniques to Japan, and promoted that knowledge by speeches and sport magazines. ＂The Newest Baseball Skills＂ also mentions ＂How to combine with spiritual cultivation of 'Bushido Yakyu' and 'Science baseball (rational training)'＂; herefore, rational 'New Bushido Yakyu' culture has been starting. In Abe's opinion, he uses three primary virtues (wisdom, benevolence, and bravery) of Bushido to reconstruct the three primary virtues of Yakyu, which means the concept of Bushido (local culture) combined with foreign culture. In 1907, Abe even argued ＂If we have national sport, it must be Yakyu.＂

並列關鍵字

New Bushido Yakyu ； Rationalization of New Bushido Yakyu ； Waseda Daigaku Yakyubu (Baseball Club of Waseda University)

參考文獻

安部磯雄，〈余 の野球觀〉，《野球年報》第5 号，東京：伊東卓夫，1907。

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