大學諮商中心對親密關係暴力處遇內涵與倫理議題之探討

Counseling Clients Who Involved in Intimate Partner Violence in University Counseling Center: Treatment Strategy and Related Ethical Issues

陳若璋(Roda Chen)

《輔導與諮商學報》 31卷1期 (2009/05) Pp. 39-53

https://doi.org/10.7040/JGC.200905.0039

摘要

親密關係中的暴力，常常考驗實務工作者的處遇策略、處理危機及倫理抉擇、行動能力。近年來此類案件逐漸衝擊大學諮商中心，無論個案是受害者或加害者，許多處理方向及流程皆困惑著實務工作者。
本文整理國內外文獻，認爲在處理這方面的個案時要考慮到的工作內涵爲：評鑑個案可能引發或面臨的暴力程度、能覺知受害個案的安全、能具體實施安全計畫(safety plan)以提高受害個案的安全、瞭解安全相關倫理議題；本文並對施虐者的早期形成因素、危險因子與預測因子、評估暴力的工具與內容、各種處遇理論與計畫內容及資訊詳加介紹，以及分享美國在這方面引發之倫理爭議與目前形成的共識，希望能提供實務工作者在面對此類型個案時可以實施有效並準確的治療方案。最後本文並以國內大專院校「關係中的暴力」三件案件來討論目前大專諮商中心在處理類似案件遭遇之困境與困惑，作者並提出可能的解決之道。
總之，本文除系統性介紹國內大專院校親密關係暴力問題性質及實務工作者應有的處理能力外，亦整合工作者面臨之困境與需要，研擬適切的處遇模式以提供各校推展健康親密活動，及提升專業知能之範本；最後，本文亦可作爲國內相關機構及協會訂定通報流程及倫理準則之參考。

關鍵字

親密關係暴力 ； 倫理凖則 ； 安全計畫

並列摘要

Therapists working in University counseling centers periodically counsel clients who experience intimate partner violence (IPV). Literature review yields counseling considerations that can be applied to both victims and perpetrators. This article provides information on identifying perpetrators' characteristics and behaviors, delineates risk factors for IPV, accurately assess IPV, explores safety-related ethical issues that arise when counseling clients in IPV relationships, explains the use of safety plans as a tool for promoting the safety of clients in IPV relationships, and recommends treatment strategy and program perpetrators. Based on the wealth of literature on safety-related considerations when counseling college student involved in IPV relationships, the author used three cases of IPV to illustrate the use relevant treatment strategy and program to promote safety-related issues, and proposed that the ”duty to warn” and ”duty to protect” should be included in the ethical code of Taiwan's psychology.
In summary, this paper aims to understand the nature and situation of campus IPV, promote safety-related counseling, and propose therapeutic and ethical suggestions for professional training and prevention programs for therapist working with such clients.

並列關鍵字

intimate partner violence ； ethical code ； safety plan

參考文獻

American Counseling Association(2005).Code of ethics and standards of practice.Alexandria, VA:Author.

American Counseling Association(2005).Code of ethics and standards of practice.Alexandria, VA:Author.

Code of ethics of the American Mental Health Counselor Association

Code of ethics of the American Mental Health Counselor Association

Bacchus, L.,Mezey, G.,Bewley, S.(2003).Experiences of seeking help from health professionals in a sample of women who experienced domestic violence.Health and Social Care in the Community.11,10-18.