目的:本研究以個案研究方式探討我國旅美小聯盟投手增菘瑋選手,在投不同球種時之動作分期時間百分比、揮臂速度、出手瞬間主要關節角度等運動學差異。方法:利用二部Kodak高速攝影機(250Hz)同步拍攝投手投不同球種時之額狀面和矢狀面動作,隨機分別完成揮臂式直球、固定式直球、滑球、伸卡球、指叉球、變速球等球種的投球,並以Siliconcaoch動作分析軟體分析各項運動學參數。結果:發現跨步期佔總投球時間的百分比約75-79%,觸發期百分比約佔總時間的6.4%-8.9%,揮臂期百分比約佔總時間的14%-15%;揮臂式直球和固定式直球具有較快的揮臂速度(43.2m/s和42.27m/s),利用握法改變球飛行軌跡的指叉球和變速球次之(39.59m/s和39.75m/s),而利用手臂旋轉改變球飛行軌跡的滑球和伸卡球則較慢(39.10m/s和38.45m/s);出手瞬間的肘關節角度約爲154°-163°,肩關節角度約爲84°-95°,上半身傾斜角度22°-30°;指叉球的出手位置高於其他變化球種,滑球的出手點較低,指叉球與變速球的出手座標位置與揮臂式直球最接近,因而具有較佳的隱蔽性。結論:本研究除可提供增菘瑋個人微調投球動作以及提供年輕投手在練習不同球種投球的參考,並可將此分析模式應用於實際比賽中的投手分析上,提供教練在投打對決中的戰術參考。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematical difference during pitching different kinds of pitches, which was a case study of Tseng Sung Wei who is Taiwanese elite pitcher and playing Minor League Baseball in America. Method: Two high speed cameras (Kodak) were used at 250 Hz to record pitching movement in sagittal plane and frontal plane. Tseng was asked to throw fastball at wind-up position and at set position, slider, sinker, folk ball, and change-up randomly. Siliconcaoch pro software was used to analyze kinematical parameters. Result: Stride phase, arm cocking phase and arm throwing phase occupied 75%-79%, 6.4%-8.9% and 14%-15% in whole pitching movement time, respectively. Tseng had the fastest arm throwing velocity during throwing fastball at wind-up position and at set position (43.2m/s and 42.27m/s), folk ball and change-up showed the medium arm throwing velocity (39.59m/s and 39.75m/s), slider and sinker showed the slowest arm throwing velocity (39.10m/s and 38.45m/s). Tseng threw different kinds of pitches with 154°-163° of elbow angle, 84°-95° of shoulder angle, and 22°-30° of trunk tile angle when ball release. Folk ball presented the height ball release location and slider ball presented the lowest ball release location. The release locations of folk ball and changed-up were similar with fastball at wind-up position. Conclusion: The findings suggested that Tseng should adjust his pitching movement during different pitches and could be a guideline of pitching for young pitchers. In addition, this analysis model can apply to analyze difference of pitching movement during real game.
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