輪椅網球比賽勝負之技術分析－以2013年大滿貫男單選手為例

Technical Analysis of the Wheelchair Tennis Events-A Case Study of Men's Singles Players in 2013 Grand Slam

簡瑞宇(Jui-Yu Chien)

《運動教練科學》 38期 (2015/06) Pp. 1-15

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.2015.38.01

摘要

目的：探討輪椅網球男單選手在大滿貫賽事之各攻守技術因子對比賽勝負的影響，並分析獲勝選手在澳網、法網及美網中各項技術因子之比較。方法：本研究係針對2013年澳網、法網及美網輪椅組男單前八強選手，共計10名為研究對象。研究設計與統計方法是採用獨立樣本t檢定考驗各三大賽事前八強至決賽，各場每盤獲勝與落敗選手在各技術因子之差異；另以單因子變異數分析（one-way ANOVA）與Scheffé事後比較，探討各三大賽事之獲勝盤在各技術因子的差異，顯著水準設定為α=.05。結果：一、在澳網中，獲勝選手在第一發進球率、第一發贏球率、第二發贏球率及接發球點勝率等因子比落敗選手表現較佳（71.06%、71.62%、54.31%、50.50%；62.81%、47.93%、37.93%、31.93%），在雙發失誤與非受迫性失誤較落敗選手少（1.56次、1.56次；3.31次、3.31次）；在法網中，獲勝選手在接球點勝率及破發成功率比落敗選手表現較佳（49.41%、59.58%；37.82%、32.64%）；在美網中，獲勝選手在第一發贏球率、第二發贏球率及接發球點勝率等因子比落敗選手表現較佳（68.93%、45.06%、57.12%；49.93%、30.81%、39.25%），在雙發失誤與非受迫性失誤較落敗選手少（1.18次、1.43次；3.00次、3.75次）。二、勝方選手的接發球點勝率因子在三大賽事中有顯著差異，澳網高於法網，而美網高於澳網。結論：本文發現輪椅選手在硬地（澳、美網）球場比賽時，其發球、接發球的表現與擊球的穩定性是獲勝的關鍵，而在紅土（法網）比賽時，則是強調回發球及掌握破發球局的發揮。另外，從發球技術因子的角度分析發現，多朝向接球者身體方向發球，具有較好的得分效果，而在底線擊球多採用上旋球以減少對手攻擊機會，最後，加強輪椅的推車訓練是除了技術與心理層面之外，提升整體戰力的重要環節。

關鍵字

發球 ； 非受迫性失誤 ； 致勝球

並列摘要

Purpose: The study was to examine the effects of the offence and defense technique factors of men's singles players in wheelchair tennis on Grand Slam event, analyzing and comparing the tactics factors of the victors in Australian Open, French Open, and US Open. Methods: Research objects were 10 men's singles players of wheelchair tennis in 2013 Australian Open, French Open, and US Open. Independent t-test and One-way Analysis of Variance were utilized as the statistical method. The remarkable standard was established (α=0.5). Result: First, in Australian Open, the victors' performances were better than the losers' in first-serve percentage, first-serve points won, second-serve points won, receiving points won, and other factors (71.06%, 71.62%, 54.31%, 50.50%; 62.81%, 47.93%, 37.93%, 31.93%). Besides, the victors have less time of double faults and unforced errors than the losers do (1.56, 1.56; 3.31, 3.31). In French Open, the victors' performances were better than the losers' in receiving points won and break point conversions (49.41%, 59.58%; 37.82%, 32.64%). In US Open, the victors' performances were better than the losers' in first-serve percentage, first-serve points won, second-serve points won, receiving points won, and other factors (68.93%, 45.06%, 57.12%; 49.93%, 30.81%, 39.25%). In addition, the victors have less time of double faults and unforced errors than the losers do (1.18, 1.43; 3.00, 3.75). Second, obvious differences among the three events could be seen in the factors of the victors' receiving points won: Australian Open was higher than French Open while US Open was higher than Australian Open. Conclusion: This study found that wheelchair players' performance of serve and receive and the stability of stroke are the keys to win on the hard courts (Australian Open and US Open). However, on the red clay courts (French Open), it emphasizes on service return and the controlling of break. Moreover, in the angular analysis of the technical factors of serve, face to the direction of the receiver's body more would benefit the result of scoring. Likewise, stroking with topspin at the baseline more could effectively prevent the opponents from attacking. Finally, enhancing the training of wheelchair is not only an important element in the aspect of technique and mentality but also a significant way to promote the whole strength.

並列關鍵字

serve ； unforced errors ； winners

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