不同競技水準女子拔河選手身體組成及拉力表現之探討

目的：本研究旨在探討曾入選國家隊與未曾入選國家隊之女子拔河選手的身體組成及拉力表現是否具有差異。方法：本研究以20 位來自同一拔河隊的女子選手為受試對象，國手組與非國手組各10 位，測量變項為身體組成、個人最大拉力及80% 最大拉力持續時間等；所得資料以SPSS 20.0 統計軟體進行獨立樣本t 檢定、皮爾森積差相關及逐步迴歸等統計分析，顯著水準訂為α = .05。結果：本研究的主要發現為，國手組與非國手組在年齡（18.1 ± 0.9 歲vs. 16.7 ± 0.8 歲）、身高（162.5 ± 7.2 公分 vs. 155.9 ± 4.4 公分）、體重（67.7 ± 4.3 公斤 vs. 62.0 ± 4.2 公斤）、去脂體重（47.6 ± 3.6 公斤 vs. 43.7 ± 2.3公斤）、肌肉重量（43.8 ± 3.4 公斤 vs. 40.2 ± 2.1 公斤）及個人最大拉力（143.5 ± 11.3公斤 vs. 120.0 ± 8.8 公斤）呈現顯著差異，個人最大拉力與身高（r = .530）、體重（r =.747）、去脂體重（r = .727）、體脂肪重量（r = .494）及肌肉重量（r = .717）具有顯著正相關，逐步迴歸的結果則顯示影響個人最大拉力的主要因素為體重（預測公式：個人最大拉力 = 2.295 × 體重 - 17.117，R^2 = .558）。結論：國手組與非國手組女子拔河選手的身體組成及拉力表現具有顯著差異，國手組在身高、體重、肌肉重量及個人最大拉力表現等變項顯著大於非國手組，而體重是影響拔河運動最大拉力的主要因素。

關鍵字

個人最大拉力；去脂體重；肌肉重量

並列摘要

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the differences on body composition and pulling force between female tug-of-war pullers with or without standing for national teams. Methods: The 20 participants, 10 pullers with national team experience (National) and 10 without (Non-national), were recruited from the same team. Their body composition, maximal pulling force, and the duration of 80% maximal pulling force were measured. Data were analyzed by independent-sample t-test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise regression analysis. Statistics significance was set at α = .05. Results: The main findings of this study were: (1) The values in National were significantly higher than those in Non-national on age (18.1 ± 0.9 years vs. 16.7 ± 0.8 years), height (162.5 ± 7.2 cm vs. 155.9 ± 4.4 cm), body mass (67.7 ± 4.3 kg vs. 62.0 ± 4.2 kg), lean body mass (47.6 ± 3.6 kg vs. 43.7 ± 2.3 kg), muscle mass (43.8 ± 3.4 kg vs. 40.2 ± 2.1 kg), and maximal pulling force (143.5 ± 11.3 kg vs. 120.0 ± 8.8 kg). (2) Significantly positive correlations among maximal pulling force and height (r = .530), body mass (r = .747), lean body mass (r = .727), fat mass (r = .494), and muscle mass (r = .717) were found. (3) The prediction formula of maximal pulling force was y = 2.295 × body mass - 17.117 (R^2 = .558). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the body composition and pulling force between National and Non-national levels of female tug-of-war pullers were different, superior in National compared to Non-national on height, body mass, lean body mass, muscle mass and maximal puller force, and the most influential factor of maximal puller force was body mass.