種薑催芽方法改進之研究

Study on Improving Sprout Forcing Methods for Early Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Production

陳葦玲(Wei-Ling Chen) ； 李濡夙(Ru-Su Li) ； 蔡正宏(Zeng-Hong Tsai) ； 蕭政弘(Cheng-Hung Hsiao)

《臺灣園藝》 60卷4期 (2014/12) Pp. 253-264

摘要

臺灣嫩薑生產因栽培初期受低溫影響，種薑種植後到萌芽所需時間長且整齊度不佳。本試驗探討低溫及檸檬酸處理促進種薑催芽之可能性，並配合不同催芽溫度及包裝以達到早收嫩薑、提高單位面積產量之目的。試驗結果顯示種薑於15℃下幾乎不萌芽；若種薑先以檸檬酸浸泡，再利用PE袋包裝進行氣變處理，於30℃下包裝內CO_2濃度在第5天時顯著增加到2.16%，且隨著時間延長而穩定增加，20天後濃度可達3.11%；在種薑催芽期間，其澱粉含量於催芽後第5天開始降低，總可溶性醣類於第10天顯著增加後降低；其中以1%檸檬酸處理之種薑，在催芽後第10天即萌芽，總萌芽數3.8個，且以大芽為主者有2.2個，芽體長度可達4.5cm，符合產業需求；然而以6℃、4天低溫處理之種薑，雖總萌芽數較多，但多為小芽。種薑催芽後種植於15℃下，芽體出土數少、且生育緩慢，而以1%和5%檸檬酸處理之種薑栽培於25℃下，長出較多芽體、生長勢佳、地上部較高、且葉片較多，顯著優於低溫處理及未處理之對照組。由試驗結果建議種薑以1%檸檬酸浸泡20min，利用PE袋包裝置於30℃下，可有效促進芽體萌發，用於薑之產期調節。

關鍵字

溫度 ； 檸檬酸 ； 包裝 ； 二氧化碳 ； 萌芽 ； 促成栽培

並列摘要

Low temperature during early growing period led to long time for sprouting and poor uniformity of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low temperature and citric acid treatment on sprouting for ginger rhizomes. The optimal sprouting temperature and packed methods were investigated as well, to regulate the production time and to increase the yield. The results showed that ginger rhizomes hardly sprouted at 15℃. Rhizomes were treated with citric acid for 20min, packed in PE bags and then stored at 30℃ for 20 days. Results showed that carbon dioxide concentration increased to 3.11% in the PE bags. The starch concentration decreased after 5 days of treatment, and the total soluble sugar concentration increased after 10 days of treatment. Rhizomes soaked with 1% citric acid produced 3.8 sprouts in average, and 2.2 of them were big sprouts with 4.5cm length. Although rhizomes treated with 6℃ for 4 days produced most sprouts, but with small size. Sprouted rhizomes planted at 15℃ growth chambers had fewer shoots and slower growth than those at 25℃. Besides, sprouted rhizomes treated with 1% or 5% citric acid and then planted at 25℃ produced more shoots with vigorous growth, taller stem and more leaves. In conclusion, citric acid could promote sprouting and regulate the production time for ginger.

並列關鍵字

temperature ； citric acid ； package ； carbon dioxide ； sprouting ； forcing culture