透過您的圖書館登入
IP:18.233.223.189
  • 期刊

论中国客家研究研现况

On the Current Circumstances of China's Hakka Studies

摘要


中华人民共和国自建国后至中国文化大革命结束,由于强调社会主义社会改造与中国文化革命,对于各民族之文化传统与认同乃视之为封建主义与分裂主义而无不极力压抑,客家文化及其认同自然亦受到同等对待,导致客家研究亦随之几乎一片空白。文革结束后,1984年由地处客家原乡之广东省嘉应高等师范专科学校与福建省龙岩高等师范专科学校发端,揭开当代客家研究之序幕,继之在华东师范大学中国史学研究所的支持与认可下,客家研究之研究方法开始建构,专门研究单位开始设立并承接研究课题,专门学术期刊创刊提供研究成果发表园地,更者,以广东省梅州市为首,地方党政部门积极投入客家文化之发扬,而以大型国际学术研讨会之举办带动客家研究之风气。1989年罗香林客家研究经典著作《客家源流考》重新在中国大陆出版,继之,以客家源流为对象、试图在中原正统论之外另建学术典范的热潮,遂于1990年代导引客家研究能量之全面爆发,重要学术经典著作一一问世,而构成当代中国客家研究的框架与全貌。然吾人亦发现,中国客家研究于历史学与民族学取径之研究虽有丰富之成果,但于客家族群权益、客家治理、文化产业与地方经济等课题则较少着墨,此固然与当代中国客家研究先行者之学术训练与研究取向有关,实也与当地客家政治与社会发展受到中国共产党党国体制之主导有关,即当客家族群有意识且有能力主动影响政策形成过程的社会与政治条件成熟之前,以客家族群为中心的政治与经济活动必然较为沉寂,自然也较难吸引社会科学界的关注与投入研究。

並列摘要


From the state-building to the end of Chinese Cultural Revolution, the People's Republic of China stressed the socialist transformation of society and Chinese cultural revolution. So the cultural tradition and identity of each nation seen as feudalism and separatism were strongly suppressed. Hakka culture and identity were treated as any nation in China equally naturally, making Hakka studies almost a blank.Since the era of post-Chinese Cultural Revolution, two Teachers' Colleges located in Hakka homeland, Guangdong Jiaying Teachers' College and Fujian Longyan Teachers' College had kicked off contemporary Hakka studies since 1984. Under the support and admiration of the Institute of Chinese Historical Studies of East China Normal University, Hakka studies' research methods were constructed, and specific research units were built everywhere and undertook research programs, specific academic journals were founded to provide corners for publishing research. In the meantime, Guangdong Meizhou City led Hakka local authorities to actively involve in promoting Hakka culture, and to organize large-scale international conferences of the Hakka studies.When Lo Hsiang-Lin's Hakka study monumental work Hakka Origins was re-published in mainland China in 1989, trying to build a new paradigm which was focusing on Hakka origin but outside the Central Plains Orthodox which guided the outbreak of the energy of Hakka Studies in the 1990s. Many important academic works were published one by one, forming the framework and morphology of contemporary China's Hakka Studies.However, we also discovered that China's Hakka Studies has rich achievements based on history and ethnology, but China's Hakka Studies circle's interest in Hakka ethnic rights, Hakka governance, cultural industry and local economic issues were less focused. It was inherently affected by contemporary China's Hakka Studies Pioneers' academic training and research orientation, but also with the local Hakka real political and social development which is controlled by the Chinese Communist party-state system. In other words, if the social and! political conditions is not mature for Hakka people to cultivate consciousness and ability to affect Hakka policy making process, the political and economic activities based on Hakka people must be limited, certainly Hakka studies is hard to attract social scientists' interest and engagement.

延伸閱讀


國際替代計量