道教生命文化中的生命教育內涵

The connotation of life education in Taoist life culture

張美櫻(Chang Mei-ying)

《華人前瞻研究》 17卷2期 (2021/11) Pp. 39-57

摘要

道教文化的內涵雖然豐富而多元，但無不以生命為核心，發展其宗教文化，可以說道教的文化就是一系列的生命文化。與其他較偏重靈性修持，強調他界的終極真實追求，因而忽略生命實有的身體問題的安頓之宗教文化相較，道教的特色是擁有身心靈整體觀照的生命文化。生命教育的內涵囊括了人生觀的確立與深化，價值觀的反省與思辨，以及生命修養的內化與實踐。從生命教育的角度而言，道教的生命文化，無疑是豐富有益的資源，本文將從道教文化中的生命來源與出生意涵呈現道教的生命價值內涵；以道教的身神觀展現自我與身體的對待關係，以承負與塚訟思想討論生命倫理的靈性問題，以《太平經》自愛、自好、自親的概念討論自我對待的心理態度。從而彙整道教生命文化中如何應用於現代人的身心靈養護實踐上，呼應「人生三問」中的：人為甚麼活著？該怎樣活著？該如何活出該活的生命？這三個生命教育的根本問題。

關鍵字

道教身神觀 ； 生命教育 ； 自我對待

並列摘要

Although the connotation of Taoist culture is rich and diverse, it always takes life as the core and develops its religious culture. It can be said that the culture of religion is a series of life culture. Compared with other religious cultures that place more emphasis on spiritual practice, emphasize the ultimate real pursuit of other worlds, and thus ignore the physical problems of life, Taoism is characterized by a life culture that has a holistic view of body, mind, and soul. The connotation of life education includes the establishment and deepening of the outlook on life, the reflection and speculation of values, and the internalization and practice of life cultivation. From the perspective of life education, the life culture of Taoism is undoubtedly a rich and useful resource. This article will present the life value connotation of Taoism from the source of life and business in Taoism culture; show the self and body with the Taoist view of body and spirit It discusses the spiritual issues of bioethics with the thought of bearing and litigation, and discusses the psychological attitude of self-treatment with the concepts of self-love, self-interest, and self-kindness in the Taiping Scripture. In this way, we will summarize how Taoist life culture is applied to the practice of modern people's body and soul conservation, echoing the ＂Three Questions of Life＂: Why do people live? How to live? How to live the life that deserves to live? These three fundamental issues of life education.

並列關鍵字

Taoist view of body and spirit ； life education ； self-treatment