2010年10月國際籃球規則變動後對比賽影響之探討

國際業餘籃球總會於2008年04月25日在大陸北京召開中央委員會議，會中決議將於2010年10月01日起正式執行新修正之籃球新規則，此次規則的變動是70年來國際籃球規則變化最大的一次，2010年10月以後籃球場的規格將有重大變動，它由現在的梯形限制區，改變為長方形限制區；三分線也增長50公分，由現行的6公尺25公分，增加到6公尺75公分，距離美國N.B.A職業籃球賽三分線的距離7公尺25公分僅僅相差50公分；同時在限制區內，以籃圈中心點垂直到地面劃設一道1公尺25公分的半圓形合理衝撞免責區。這項場地規格的變動，加上部分條文修正，未來籃球比賽的過程將產生更多變化，例如進攻時三分投籃的能力要增強、限制區增加合理衝撞免責區將導致球員的抗強度必須增強、防守要提高警覺避免三分長射以及限制區強力取分等。2010年修訂之國際籃球新規則，不僅考驗球員的能力，對於教練的戰術運用也發生變化，因此在訓練上勢必調整，以往沒有發揮的限制區強力取分的球隊，訓練人員將重新思考如何在限制區內得分；對於三分球的投籃取分方式，也要強化訓練球員的能力。至於裁判在執法上也要判斷甚麼是「合理衝撞」，畢竟裁判執法的標準將影響球賽勝負。

關鍵字

限制區；三分線；合理衝撞免責區

並列摘要

International Basketball Headquarter held a central committee conference in Beijing, China, on April 25th, 2008. In this conference, the headquarter decided to execute new basketball rules which would be corrected from October 1st, 2010. The change of the new international basketball rules would be the biggest one in the past sixty years because the standards of the basketball court would change a lot after October 10th, 2010. For example, the trapezoid restricted area turns into rectangle one. The three-point lines increases fifty centimeters from six meters twenty-five centimeters to six meters to seventy-five centimeters. Comparing with the seven meters twenty-five centimeters three-point lines of American National Basketball Association, it's only fifty centimeters short. Simultaneously in the restricted area, draw a semicircle reasonable offensive area whose radius is one meter twenty-five centimeters from the center point of the hoop to the ground. Because of the changes of the court standard with some corrections of the rules, the process of basketball games would come into a lot of changes. For example, the ability of three-point shooting would increase, adding reasonable offensive area causes that the players' opposition strength has to increase, when you defend an opposite players, take precaution against long three-point shooting and getting points forcibly in restricted area, and so on. The new international basketball rules in 2010 not only test the player's ability also affect coaches how to make good use of tactics, so in training there must be some adjustments. In the past, some teams, which didn’t bring getting points forcibly in restricted area into full, should train players to think again how to get points in restricted area. With regard to the way of getting points from three-point lines, the players should also strengthen this kind of ability. As regards the coaches also determine what the reasonable offensive is when they enforce the rules on the basketball court. After all, the standards that the referees enforce the rules would affect the victory or defeat of the game.