易簡與稽古－黃式三的《尚書》學

清儒治經在崇實黜虛的時代氛圍中，進入回歸漢學、反省宋學的新里程，乾嘉時期樸學興盛，治經輯存古義，講求訓詁有據，重新樹立漢學之新疏典範。而黃式三(1789-1862)為清代嘉道時期之經學家，儘管身處英軍入侵戰亂、學術界又漸受西學影響之際，仍堅持「寒士無職，以治經為天職」，繼承浙東學術實事求是精神，而作〈求是室記〉以「天假我一日，即讀一日之書，而求其是」自勉，畢生鑽研儒家經典不輟，並承襲乾嘉尊漢立場，以為《尚書》乃「心於治亂盛衰之數，不能洞其原也，不可以不讀《書》」，故撰著《尚書啟蒙》四卷。以獨尊漢注之立場，專釋伏生「今文」二十八篇，不錄〈泰誓〉之文，提煉清代《尚書》研究之精華，摘取江聲音韻訓詁最多，次則擇取段玉裁之釋義精華，此外亦錄王鳴盛之地理名物考證與孫星衍之義訓成果，以達其「易簡」之原則。是書雖以四家為藍本而發其蒙，諸說不同而皆可通者，則並而存之；前說不足或千慮有一得者，亦間附己意而另出新解，且以「案語」置於諸說之後。並推重典、謨之大義，提要〈堯典〉舉賢任能、〈皋陶謨〉強調以德化民、知人善任之旨。釋經提綱略目，釋義簡當，頗便於初學門徑。

關鍵字

尚書；尚書啟蒙；浙東學術；清代學術；經典詮釋

並列摘要

Huang Shi-San is a philosopher in Jiaqing Daoguang period. Despite he lived in the war time, and the academic was gradually moving toward western culture, he defended the value of traditional Chinese literature. He believed a poor scholar should put study the classics as his natural duty. He devoted his entire life time for his believe and presented by the books he wrote. From one of his book ”Qiushishiji” (discovery the truth), Huang created a theme which is if God gives me one day to live on, I should expand this day for finding the true value of our lives. His collections and references are without any boundary to accomplish an extensive view for the study, and claimed the fundamental philosophy should all from the Classic of History. Huang distinguished the analysis from different scholars and determined the ”The Classic of History for the beginners” promoted by FuSan is the most valuable one. His study made a significant contribution to the moral standard establishment in the Chinese culture.

並列關鍵字

Classic of History ； Fundamental of Classic of History ； East Zhejiang academy ； Ching academy ； Interpretation of the classic literature

國際替代計量

易簡與稽古－黃式三的《尚書》學

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