族群關係、政黨政治與福利論述－以國軍老舊眷村改建條例的立法爲例

Ethnic Relations, Party Politics and Welfare Discourse: A Case Study on the Act for Rebuilding Old Quarters for Military Dependents

唐文慧(Wen-Hui Tang) ； 王宏仁(Hong-Zen Wang)

《研究台灣》 5期 (2008/12) Pp. 107-135

https://doi.org/10.6456/JTS.200812.0107

摘要

目前對台灣社會政策的研究中，較少從政治過程來理解社會政策的特性，本文提出把「政治」帶回政策研究的中心，探討台灣社會福利政策制定的政治過程中政黨扮演的角色，以及政黨本身的限制如何對社會福利政策的產出造成影響。我們以老舊眷村改建條例的立法歷史過程爲例，討論不同的政黨爲了選票考量而發展出的社會福利論述。我們發現，國民黨與民進黨都號稱是全民政黨，所以在福利論述的修辭學上都說在照顧弱勢者，都是代表全民利益，但論述的過程很清楚可以看到，在選票考量上，還是極力支持自己的選民。再者，從各黨人士對於福利論述的過程與內容中，可以看到在台灣不同的族群，如何因爲其在政治上的選票取向，而造成其對福利政策立法影響資源分配的效果。

關鍵字

族群關係 ； 政黨政治 ； 福利論述 ； 國軍老舊眷村改建條例

並列摘要

Observing the fact that there are not many previous policy researches which explain the characteristics of social policy by political process, this paper aims at brining politics back into the centre of policy research and to explore the role of political parties throughout the political process on making social welfare policy as well as how the limitation of political parties influences social welfare policy. Taking the Act for Rebuilding Old Quarters for Military Dependents as an example, the paper discusses the social welfare discourse of different political parties, which bases on their consideration on ”votes”. Claiming themselves as the national party in Taiwan, both Kuomintang (KMT) and Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) emphasize much on the disadvantaged groups, representing public interest in their social welfare discourse. Yet, the process of discourse clearly shows that based on the consideration on ”votes”, parties still focuses a lot on the interest of their potential voters. Besides, according to the process and argument of social welfare discourse by different parties, how the allocation of resources under welfare policy legislation is affected by the political orientation of different ethnic groups in Taiwan is demonstrated as well.

並列關鍵字

Ethnic relations ； party politics ； welfare discourse ； The Act for Rebuilding Old Quarters for Military Dependents