高齡農民農業經營與社區生活活動參與技能學習的輔導策略與評核指標之研究

Counseling Strategy and Indicator for Elderly Farmers' Skill Learning of Farming Management and Community Participation

張淑君(Shu-Chun Chang) ； 洪偉翰(Wei-Han Hong)

《運動與遊憩研究》 7卷4期 (2013/06) Pp. 44-61

https://doi.org/10.29423/JSRR.201306_7(4).0003

摘要

本研究發現高齡農民在農業經營所面臨的瓶頸問題，從高齡農民本身的經濟狀況並不是很理想即可反應出來，覺得充裕的僅佔3%，收入不佳與農產品價格低廉有相當的關係，高齡農民普遍地反應從事農業的所得收入勉強與支出成本打平，根本沒什麼利潤可言，且身體機能的衰敗是緊接而來的問題，且也有近三成的高齡農民已飽受病痛及退化之苦，卻仍得為了生活的溫飽，繼續從事農業活動，直到無法再做為止。從最近一年並無參與任何社區活動的高齡農民所回答之原因可以歸納為「沒有時間」、「沒有興趣」及「不曉得有活動」，而其中以「沒有時間」佔了41.1%，高齡農民都以農忙為由，而沒有參與活動之意願，而「沒有興趣」及「不曉得有活動」則各佔了29.4%；最近一年並無參與農業經營相關課程的高齡農民所回答之原因則亦可歸納為「沒有時間」、「沒有興趣」及「不曉得有活動」，其中是以「不曉得有活動」佔38%為最多，其次是「沒有興趣」佔34.9%，最後是「沒有時間」佔27%；由此可見，了解高齡農民之參與動機及其參與阻礙是值得探討的問題。本研究經過文獻整理及兩回合之德菲法研究，得到得高齡農民參與活動指標結果如下：一、參與動機指標：在參與動機構面的指標因素包括：「認知興趣」、「社會激勵」「社會接觸」、「專業提昇」及「家庭凝聚」五大項。二、參與阻礙指標：在參與阻礙構面的指標因素包括：「情境阻礙」、「訊息阻礙」「機構阻礙」及「意向阻礙」四大項。本研究以瞭解高齡農民在農業經營與生活活動參與之瓶頸問題與其原因為出發點，進而研擬出相關輔導政策，讓高齡農民有個快樂的晚年。

關鍵字

高齡農民 ； 參與動機 ； 參與阻礙

並列摘要

This study aimed to probe into the barriers and reasons for elderly farmers' agricultural operations and participation in life activities, and to further plan related guidance policies in order to allow elderly farmers to enjoy their old age. This study found that the obstacles for elderly farmers' agricultural operations are reflected from their inferior economic situations. Only 3% of farmers suggested that their economic situation is sufficient. Nearly 30% of elderly farmers suffered from sickness and declination; however, in order to make a living, they had to continue performing their agricultural activities. Elderly farmers who had not participated in any community activities in the past year indicated that their reasons for non-participation were ”no time”, ”not interested” and ”no idea about the activities”, with ”no time” having the greatest response (41.1%). Elderly farmers who had not participated in courses related to agricultural operations in the past year indicated that their reasons for non-participation were ”no time”, ”not interested” and ”no idea about the activities”, with ”no idea about the activities” (38%), followed by ”not interested” (34.9%) and ”no time” (27%). Therefore, it was necessary to probe into elderly farmers' motivation for and barriers to participation.

並列關鍵字

Agricultural Operations ； Community Activities Participation ； Skills Learning of Elderly Farmers ； Taiwan

參考文獻

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